Thiobacillus novellus, an effective inoculant that oxidizes sulfur, enhancing nutrient availability for plants while supporting bioremediation in contaminated soils. < Microbial Species Thiobacillus novellus Thiobacillus novellus, an effective inoculant that oxidizes sulfur, enhancing nutrient availability for plants while supporting bioremediation in contaminated soils. Strength 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Enhances Root Development: Stimulates stronger root systems in crops, leading to improved nutrient uptake and plant resilience, even in degraded soils. Soil Health Improvement: Promotes healthier soil ecosystems by supporting microbial activity, which benefits plant nutrient absorption and overall soil quality. Bioremediation of Contaminated Soils: Assists in the breakdown of pollutants, contributing to the detoxification of contaminated agricultural soils and industrial waste areas. Sulfur Oxidation for Nutrient Availability: Enhances sulfur oxidation in soil, making sulfur more available for plants, improving growth and crop yield. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Seed Coating/Seed Treatment : Coat 1 kg of seeds with a slurry mixture of 10 g of Thiobacillus Novellus and 10 g of crude sugar in sufficient water. Seedling Treatment : Dip the seedlings into a mixture of 100 grams Thiobacillus Novellus and sufficient water. Soil Treatment : Mix 3-5 kg per acre of Thiobacillus Novellus with organic manure/organic fertilizers. Irrigation : Mix 3 kg per acre of Thiobacillus Novellus in a sufficient amount of water and run into the drip lines. FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bacillus polymyxa Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans Thiobacillus thiooxidans Alcaligenes denitrificans Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus macerans Citrobacter braakii More Products Resources Read all

Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used in bioremediation for its ability to degrade pollutants and in probiotic applications to support gut health and enhance fermentation processes. < Microbial Species Saccharomyces cerevisiae Saccharomyces cerevisiae is widely used in bioremediation for its ability to degrade pollutants and in probiotic applications to support gut health and enhance fermentation processes. Strength 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Immune System Enhancement This strain boosts immune function by stimulating the production of immune cells and enhancing the body's defenses against infections. Nutrient Absorption Improvement It aids in the absorption of essential nutrients, such as vitamins and minerals, contributing to overall health and vitality. Digestive Health Support This probiotic yeast promotes gut health by enhancing digestion and alleviating symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort and bloating. Support for Metabolic Health It may assist in regulating metabolism and improving insulin sensitivity, contributing to overall metabolic health and balance. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Key Features All microbial strains are characterized using 16S rDNA. All products are non-GMO. No animal-derived materials are used. The typical shelf life is 2 years. All strains are screened in-house using high-throughput screening methods. We can customize manufacturing based on the required strength and dosage. High-resilience strains Stable under a wide pH range Stable under a broad temperature range Stable in the presence of bile salts and acids Do not show antibiotic resistance Packaging Material The product is packaged in a multi-layer, ultra-high barrier foil that is heat-sealed and placed inside a cardboard shipper or plastic drum. Shipping Shipping is available worldwide. Probiotic packages are typically transported in insulated Styrofoam shippers with dry ice to avoid exposure to extreme high temperatures during transit. Support Documentation Certificate of Analysis (COA) Specifications Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Stability studies (18 months) Certifications ISO 9001 ISO 22000 HACCP Halal and Kosher Certification (for Lactobacillus strains) FSSAI Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Bifidobacterium animalis Bifidobacterium bifidum Bifidobacterium breve Bifidobacterium infantis Bifidobacterium longum Clostridium butyricum Lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus bulgaricus More Products Resources Read all

Paracoccus denitrificans is a beneficial bacterium known for its nitrate-reducing properties, specifically its ability to convert nitrate to nitrogen gas. < Microbial Species Paracoccus denitrificans Paracoccus denitrificans is a beneficial bacterium known for its nitrate-reducing properties, specifically its ability to convert nitrate to nitrogen gas. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Treatment Efficiency Returns alkalinity to the treatment process, supporting efficient wastewater treatment. Groundwater Protection Prevents groundwater pollution by reducing nitrate levels from agricultural or residential fertilizers. Nitrogen Management Reduces inorganic nitrogen to nitrous oxide, aiding in environmental nitrogen management. Water Quality Improvement Removes nitrogen from sewage and municipal wastewater, improving water quality. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Olaya-Abril, A., Luque-Almagro, V. M., Manso, I., Moreno-Vivián, C., & Roldán, M. D. (2018). Exploring the Denitrification Proteome of Paracoccus denitrificans PD1222. Frontiers in Microbiology , 9, 1137. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.01137 Bordel, S., Rodríguez, Y., Muñoz, R., & Lebrero, R. (2024). Genome-scale metabolic model of the versatile bacterium Paracoccus denitrificans Pd1222. mSystems , 9(1), e01077-23. DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01077-23 Hahnke, S. M., Moosmann, P., Erb, T. J., & Strous, M. (2014). An improved medium for the anaerobic growth of Paracoccus denitrificans Pd1222. Frontiers in Microbiology , 5, 18. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00018 Kumar, S., Ridge, J. P., Arce-Rodriguez, A., Jeuken, L. J. C., Richardson, D. J., & Hough, M. A. (2017). Environmental and Genetic Determinants of Biofilm Formation in Paracoccus denitrificans. Applied and Environmental Microbiology , 83(18), e01350-17. DOI: 10.1128/AEM.01350-17 Olaya-Abril, A., Hidalgo-Carrillo, J., Luque-Almagro, V. M., Fuentes-Almagro, C., Moreno-Vivián, C., Richardson, D. J., & Roldán, M. D. (2021). Effect of pH on the denitrification proteome of the soil bacterium Paracoccus denitrificans. Scientific Reports , 11, 17261. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96559-2 Baumann, B., Snozzi, M., Zehnder, A. J., & van der Meer, J. R. (1996). Dynamics of denitrification activity of Paracoccus denitrificans during changes from aerobic to anaerobic growth conditions and vice versa. Journal of Bacteriology , 178(16), 4678-4687. Giannopoulos, G., Sullivan, M. J., Hartop, K. R., Rowley, G., Gates, A. J., Watmough, N. J., & Richardson, D. J. (2017). Tuning the modular Paracoccus denitrificans respirome to adapt from aerobic respiration to anaerobic denitrification. Environmental Microbiology , 19(12), 4953-4964. Jarman, O. D., Biner, O., Hirst, J., & Sazanov, L. A. (2021). Paracoccus denitrificans: a genetically tractable model system for studying respiratory complex I. Scientific Reports , 11, 10143. DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-89575-9 Mode of Action Paracoccus denitrificans operates through a sophisticated four-step denitrification pathway that makes it highly valuable for agricultural and environmental applications : pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Sequential Reduction Process Nitrate → Nitrite: Via nitrate reductase (NAR/NAP) Nitrite → Nitric Oxide: Through cytochrome cd₁ nitrite reductase Nitric Oxide → Nitrous Oxide: Using nitric oxide reductase (NOR) Nitrous Oxide → Nitrogen Gas: Final step via nitrous oxide reductase (NosZ) This complete pathway effectively removes excess nitrogen from soil and water systems, preventing environmental pollution and supporting sustainable agriculture. wikipedia+1 Paracoccus denitrificans demonstrates multiple sophisticated biochemical mechanisms that make it a valuable bacterial species for agricultural and environmental applications: Denitrification Pathway The primary mode of action involves a sequential four-step reduction process under anaerobic conditions: Nitrate Reduction: Membrane-bound nitrate reductase (NAR) and periplasmic nitrate reductase (NAP) convert nitrate (NO₃⁻) to nitrite (NO₂⁻) Nitrite Reduction: Cytochrome cd₁ nitrite reductase (NIR) reduces nitrite to nitric oxide (NO) Nitric Oxide Reduction: Nitric oxide reductase (NOR) converts NO to nitrous oxide (N₂O) Nitrous oxide Reduction: Nitrous oxide reductase (NosZ) completes the pathway by reducing N₂O to nitrogen gas (N₂) This complete denitrification pathway effectively removes excess nitrogen from soil and water systems, preventing environmental pollution and eutrophication. Metabolic Versatility P. denitrificans exhibits remarkable metabolic flexibility: Facultative anaerobe: Can switch between aerobic respiration and anaerobic denitrification Chemolithoautotrophic capabilities: Can utilize various carbon sources including C1 compounds (methanol, formate) Energy conservation: Couples denitrification to ATP synthesis through respiratory chain Enzyme Regulation The bacterium employs sophisticated regulatory mechanisms: FnrP transcription factor: Responds to oxygen levels, activating denitrification genes under anoxic conditions NarR, NirI, and NosR regulators: Specifically control expression of nitrate, nitrite, and nitrous oxide reductase genes Trace element dependency: Requires iron, molybdenum, copper, and zinc for optimal enzyme function Additional Info Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ Is Paracoccus denitrificans pathogenic? No, Paracoccus denitrificans is completely non-pathogenic to humans, animals, and plants. Research confirms it's classified as a beneficial environmental bacterium with no known health risks. Unlike pathogenic bacteria, it's widely used safely in agricultural applications and bioaugmentation programs. aquaculturesciencemanagement.biomedcentral+1 Key Differences: Paracoccus vs Pseudomonas denitrificans These are distinct bacterial species with different applications : wikipedia+1 Paracoccus denitrificans Alpha-proteobacteria, spherical morphology Environmental nitrogen cycling and soil health Complete denitrification capabilities Agricultural and wastewater treatment applications Pseudomonas denitrificans Gamma-proteobacteria, rod-shaped Industrial vitamin B12 production (up to 198+ mg/L) Pharmaceutical manufacturing Biotechnological applications Environmental Habitat and Distribution Paracoccus denitrificans is ubiquitously distributed across multiple environments : pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Soil ecosystems: Primary habitat in agricultural and forest soils Wastewater treatment facilities: Naturally occurring in activated sludge Marine environments: Sediments and water columns Plant rhizosphere: Root zone associations Biofilm communities: Surface-attached growth in aquatic systems Industrial Biotechnology Applications Both species have significant biotechnology potential: journals.asm+2 Paracoccus denitrificans Promising cell factory for metabolic engineering Genetic tractability for strain development Bioremediation applications Wastewater treatment systems Pseudomonas denitrificans Major industrial vitamin B12 producer 120,000L fermenter operations Pharmaceutical compound manufacturing Enzyme production systems Environmental Importance Denitrifying bacteria provide critical ecosystem services : indogulfbioag+2 Nitrogen Cycle Regulation Convert excess nitrates back to atmospheric nitrogen Prevent nitrogen accumulation disrupting ecosystems Control nitrogen availability in terrestrial and aquatic systems Pollution Control Remove agricultural nitrate pollution from groundwater Prevent eutrophication and harmful algal blooms Protect water quality and drinking water safety Climate Impact Minimize N₂O greenhouse gas emissions when properly managed Support methane oxidation in aquatic systems Contribute to soil carbon sequestration Is Paracoccus denitrificans pathogenic? No, Paracoccus denitrificans is not pathogenic to humans or plants. It is classified as a non-pathogenic, beneficial environmental bacterium. Research has confirmed that P. denitrificans poses no known health risks and is widely used in agricultural and environmental applications. Unlike some bacterial species that can cause disease, P. denitrificans is considered safe for use in bioaugmentation and soil improvement programs. What is the meaning of Pseudomonas denitrificans? Pseudomonas denitrificans refers to a different bacterial species (now classified as part of the P. pertucinogena group) that was first isolated from garden soil in Vienna, Austria. The name "Pseudomonas" means "false unit" in Greek, while "denitrificans" indicates its ability to perform denitrification. This gram-negative aerobic bacterium is primarily known for its vitamin B12 overproduction capabilities and has been used industrially for cobalamin (vitamin B12) manufacturing. What is the function of Pseudomonas denitrificans? Pseudomonas denitrificans serves several important functions: Vitamin B12 Production: Primary industrial use for manufacturing cobalamin through fermentation Denitrification: Converts nitrate to nitrogen gas under anaerobic conditions Methionine Synthesis: Uses vitamin B12 for amino acid metabolism Biotechnological Applications: Engineered strains are used in pharmaceutical production Environmental Role: Participates in nitrogen cycling in soil ecosystems Where is Paracoccus denitrificans commonly found? Paracoccus denitrificans is ubiquitously distributed in various environments: Soil ecosystems: Most common habitat, particularly in agricultural soils Sewage treatment plants: Naturally occurring in activated sludge systems Marine environments: Found in sediments and water columns Plant rhizosphere: Associates with root zones of various crops Wastewater systems: Thrives in nitrogen-rich industrial effluents Biofilms: Forms surface-attached communities in aquatic environments The bacterium shows particular preference for environments with fluctuating oxygen conditions, making it well-adapted to dynamic agricultural and treatment system environments. How does Paracoccus denitrificans help in the nitrogen cycle? Paracoccus denitrificans plays a critical role as a nitrogen cycle closer through complete denitrification: Primary Functions Nitrate Removal: Converts excess soil nitrates (NO₃⁻) to harmless nitrogen gas (N₂) Pollution Prevention: Prevents nitrate leaching into groundwater and surface water bodies Atmospheric Return: Returns fixed nitrogen back to the atmospheric reservoir Eutrophication Control: Reduces nutrient loads that cause algal blooms in water bodies Environmental Benefits Soil Health: Prevents nitrate accumulation that can harm soil microbiology Water Quality: Reduces nitrogen pollution in aquatic ecosystems Greenhouse Gas Mitigation: Properly managed denitrification minimizes N₂O emissions Sustainable Agriculture: Provides biological nitrogen management solution Is Pseudomonas denitrificans used in vitamin B12 production? Yes, Pseudomonas denitrificans is extensively used for industrial vitamin B12 production. It is one of only two major bacterial strains (alongside Propionibacterium shermanii) used commercially for cobalamin manufacturing. Key aspects include: Production Capabilities High Yield: Can produce up to 198+ mg/L of vitamin B12 in large-scale fermenters Aerobic Process: Produces B12 under oxygen-rich conditions (unlike most B12 producers) Cost-Effective: Uses inexpensive substrates like maltose syrup and corn steep liquor Genetic Engineering: Strains with overexpressed cob genes achieve enhanced production Commercial Applications Pharmaceutical Industry: Primary source for B12 supplements and medications Food Industry: Used in fortified foods and animal feed additives Biotechnology: Research model for cobalamin biosynthesis studies What role does Paracoccus denitrificans play in denitrification? Paracoccus denitrificans is considered a model organism for complete denitrification due to its exceptional capabilities: Complete Pathway Execution All Four Steps: Performs the entire nitrate → nitrite → nitric oxide → nitrous oxide → nitrogen gas sequence High Efficiency: Achieves rapid and complete nitrogen oxide reduction Minimal Intermediates: Produces primarily N₂ with minimal accumulation of harmful intermediates like N₂O Unique Characteristics Respiratory Coupling: Links denitrification to energy generation for growth Oxygen Tolerance: Can perform "aerobic denitrification" under low oxygen conditions Metabolic Flexibility: Uses various organic substrates as electron donors Environmental Adaptation: Functions effectively across wide pH and temperature ranges Applications Wastewater Treatment: Used in biological nutrient removal systems Bioremediation: Cleans up nitrogen-contaminated environments Agricultural Systems: Natural soil denitrification processes Can Pseudomonas denitrificans be used in industrial biotechnology? Yes, Pseudomonas denitrificans has significant industrial biotechnology applications: Current Industrial Uses Vitamin B12 Manufacturing: Primary commercial application in 120,000L fermenters Pharmaceutical Production: Source of therapeutic cobalamin compounds Enzyme Production: Produces industrially relevant dehydrogenases and reductases Metabolic Engineering Platform: Chassis for producing various biochemicals Biotechnology Potential Genetic Tractability: Amenable to genetic modifications and strain improvement Process Optimization: Responds well to fermentation parameter control Substrate Flexibility: Can utilize various carbon sources including waste materials Scale-Up Capability: Successfully operates at industrial production scales Research Applications Cobalamin Pathway Studies: Model for understanding B12 biosynthesis Metabolic Engineering: Platform for producing novel compounds Systems Biology: Well-characterized genome and proteome for systems-level studies How are Paracoccus and Pseudomonas denitrificans different? Paracoccus denitrificans and Pseudomonas denitrificans are distinct bacterial species with different taxonomic classifications and primary functions: Taxonomic Differences Paracoccus denitrificans: Alpha-proteobacteria, spherical (coccoid) morphology Pseudomonas denitrificans: Gamma-proteobacteria, rod-shaped morphology Primary Functions Paracoccus: Environmental nitrogen cycling, complete denitrification, bioremediation Pseudomonas: Industrial vitamin B12 production, pharmaceutical manufacturing Metabolic Characteristics Paracoccus: Versatile carbon source utilization, biofilm formation, soil adaptation Pseudomonas: Specialized cobalamin overproduction, aerobic B12 synthesis Applications Paracoccus: Agriculture, wastewater treatment, environmental remediation Pseudomonas: Pharmaceutical industry, biotechnology, vitamin manufacturing Environmental Roles Paracoccus: Soil health, nitrogen pollution control, ecosystem balance Pseudomonas: Limited environmental role, primarily industrial applications Why are denitrifying bacteria like Paracoccus and Pseudomonas important in the environment? Denitrifying bacteria are essential environmental regulators that provide critical ecosystem services: Nitrogen Cycle Completion Atmospheric Return: Convert excess soil nitrates back to atmospheric nitrogen Cycle Balance: Prevent nitrogen accumulation that would disrupt ecosystem balance Natural Regulation: Control nitrogen availability in terrestrial and aquatic systems Pollution Control Nitrate Remediation: Remove agricultural nitrate pollution from groundwater Eutrophication Prevention: Reduce nitrogen loads causing harmful algal blooms Water Quality Protection: Maintain safe drinking water by controlling nitrate levels Climate Impact Greenhouse Gas Regulation: When properly managed, minimize N₂O emissions Methane Oxidation: Some denitrifiers also consume methane in aquatic systems Carbon Sequestration: Support soil organic matter accumulation through ecosystem health Agricultural Sustainability Soil Health Maintenance: Prevent toxic nitrate buildup in agricultural soils Natural Fertility Cycling: Support sustainable nitrogen management systems Biological Remediation: Provide natural solutions for nitrogen-contaminated sites Ecosystem Services Biodiversity Support: Maintain balanced nutrient cycles supporting diverse communities Habitat Protection: Preserve aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem integrity Resource Conservation: Reduce need for expensive chemical remediation technologies Related Products More Products Resources Read all

< Crop Kits BioProtek Bioprotek is a microbial plant growth promoter that protects leaves and fruits and enhances root-zone activity. Product Enquiry Download Brochure IPM Compatibility Integrates well with Integrated Pest Management (IPM) strategies to reduce reliance on chemical pesticides and promote environmental safety. Multiple Modes of Action Combines competition, parasitism, and metabolite production for broad-spectrum protection and plant growth promotion. Effective Disease Control Controls major foliar and fruit diseases through antagonistic microbial action, enhancing plant protection. Improved Plant Health and Yield Reduces pathogenic load, leading to healthier crops and increased overall productivity. Benefits Content coming soon! Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application Foliar application Dose: 1–1.5g / L water 1 Acre dose: 200–300g 1 Ha dose: 500–750g Additional Info Mode of Action Substrate Competition for space and Nutrients: BIOPROTEK microorganisms colonize most extreme space and ingest the greatest supplements accessible at the objective site. This controls microbes by starving them for food and competing for space — Domino effect. Mycoparasitism: BIOPROTEK naturally attacks infection-causing microorganisms before they reach the plant. It derives sustenance from the target microbes, and BIOPROTEK spores replicate inside and ultimately destroy them. Storage Requirements Store below 40°C in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place. Keep away from sunlight, children, and animals. Do not store in metallic containers. Keep tightly closed when not in use. Handling Precautions Use standard hygiene and safety practices for agricultural products. Related Products Aminomax SP Annomax Biocupe Neem Plus Seed Protek Silicomax Dates Pro BloomX More Products Resources Read all

Cellulomonas carate is a highly active compost-degrading bacterium that excels in breaking down cellulose and other organic materials, making it invaluable for sustainable agriculture and bio-composting systems. < Microbial Species Cellulomonas carate Cellulomonas carate is a highly active compost-degrading bacterium that excels in breaking down cellulose and other organic materials, making it invaluable for sustainable agriculture and… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Activates growth of beneficial microbes It promotes the growth of beneficial microorganisms that aid in compost decomposition. Friendly to beneficial insects Cellulomonas carate does not harm beneficial insects involved in composting processes. Doubles composting speed This bacterium accelerates the composting process, speeding up the breakdown of organic materials. Eliminates foul odors Cellulomonas carate helps to reduce unpleasant odors during the composting process. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Cellulomonas is widely cited in studies of cellulose degradation, composting processes, and bioremediation, with research published in journals such as Frontiers in Microbiology , ScienceDirect Topics , and Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria . sciencedirect+5 Genome sequencing reveals a high GC content (typically 71–76 mol%), multiple cellulase genes, and robust metabolic pathways for cellulose breakdown. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Mode of Action Cellulomonas carate secretes potent extracellular cellulase enzymes that target and hydrolyze cellulose—the most abundant organic polymer found in plant biomass. The multi-step degradation involves: sciencedirect+2 Endoglucanase: Breaks internal bonds of cellulose chains. Exoglucanase: Releases cellobiose from the non-reducing ends. β-glucosidase: Converts cellobiose and cellooligosaccharides to glucose. frontiersin This synergy allows Cellulomonas to transform tough plant fibers into easily assimilated sugars, accelerating composting and nutrient cycling. frontiersin Additional Info Characteristics Morphology: Gram-positive, rod-shaped, or short coccus, non-sporulating, sometimes motile. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Catalase positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, with yellow pigmentation and fermentative metabolism. taylorandfrancis+1 Peptidoglycan contains L-ornithine; the predominant menaquinone is MK-9(H4). pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Adaptable across neutral to alkaline environments, thriving in compost, soil, and organic-rich niches. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Genome size ranges 4–4.25 Mbp, with high GC content. journals.asm+3 Recommended Crops Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ What is the function of Cellulomonas? Cellulomonas specializes in degrading cellulose, transforming complex plant residues into simple sugars for microbial and plant use. Its enzymatic activity supports efficient composting, soil enrichment, and recycling of agricultural waste. indogulfbioag+1 What is a cellulosome? A cellulosome is a sophisticated multi-enzyme complex found on the surface of certain anaerobic bacteria, organizing various catalytic units for efficient cellulose breakdown. Cellulomonas, an aerobic actinobacterium, produces high levels of extracellular cellulases but does not form a classic cellulosome; instead, it relies on secreted enzymes for degradation. frontiersin What is the morphology of Cellulomonas? Cellulomonas are primarily gram-positive rods, sometimes coccus-shaped, non-sporulating, and may be motile or non-motile. They form single cells or pair arrangements, often with distinctive yellow pigmentation. biorxiv+4 What are the main characteristics of Cellulomonas? Gram-positive, catalase-positive, rod-shaped or coccus. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Strong cellulolytic activity due to diverse extracellular enzymes. frontiersin Aerobic but some species can grow anaerobically. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Found in soil, compost, rumen, and industrial waste. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Genome features: high GC content, robust metabolic versatility. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Cellulomonas carate and related species are indispensable for efficient composting, sustainable agriculture, and the natural carbon cycle. indogulfbioag+2 Related Products Aspergillus niger Aspergillus oryzae Cellulomonas gelida Cellulomonas uda More Products Resources Read all

Lactobacillus paracasei supports immune function, aids digestion, and helps maintain a balanced gut microbiome for improved gut health. < Microbial Species Lactobacillus paracasei Lactobacillus paracasei supports immune function, aids digestion, and helps maintain a balanced gut microbiome for improved gut health. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Digestive Health Support This probiotic helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota, alleviating symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort and promoting overall digestion. Stress Reduction This strain may contribute to reduced stress and anxiety levels, promoting mental well-being through the gut-brain axis. Immune System Enhancement It enhances immune function by stimulating the production of antibodies and improving the body’s ability to combat infections. Support for Lactose Digestion It aids in the digestion of lactose, making it beneficial for individuals with lactose intolerance. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Key Features All microbial strains are characterized using 16S rDNA. All products are non-GMO. No animal-derived materials are used. The typical shelf life is 2 years. All strains are screened in-house using high-throughput screening methods. We can customize manufacturing based on the required strength and dosage. High-resilience strains Stable under a wide pH range Stable under a broad temperature range Stable in the presence of bile salts and acids Do not show antibiotic resistance Packaging Material The product is packaged in a multi-layer, ultra-high barrier foil that is heat-sealed and placed inside a cardboard shipper or plastic drum. Shipping Shipping is available worldwide. Probiotic packages are typically transported in insulated Styrofoam shippers with dry ice to avoid exposure to extreme high temperatures during transit. Support Documentation Certificate of Analysis (COA) Specifications Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Stability studies (18 months) Certifications ISO 9001 ISO 22000 HACCP Halal and Kosher Certification (for Lactobacillus strains) FSSAI Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Bifidobacterium animalis Bifidobacterium bifidum Bifidobacterium breve Bifidobacterium infantis Bifidobacterium longum Clostridium butyricum Lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus bulgaricus More Products Resources Read all

Bacillus tequilensis is a Gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium with significant roles in agriculture and biotechnology. It enhances plant growth via phytohormone synthesis, nutrient solubilization, and antimicrobial activity against pathogens. Additionally, it contributes to bioremediation by degrading organic pollutants and produces industrially relevant enzymes. Its resilience to environmental stress underscores its potential for applications in sustainable agriculture, bioprocessing, and environmental remediation. < Microbial Species Bacillus tequilensis Bacillus tequilensis is a Gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium with significant roles in agriculture and biotechnology. It enhances plant growth via phytohormone synthesis, nutrient solubilization, and antimicrobial… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Soil Health Improvement Improves soil health by promoting organic matter decomposition and nutrient cycling, contributing to sustainable agriculture practices. Biocontrol Agent Bacillus tequilensis acts as a biocontrol agent, suppressing plant pathogens through the production of antimicrobial compounds. Stress Tolerance Helps plants withstand various environmental stresses, including drought and salinity, by inducing stress tolerance mechanisms. Plant Growth Promotion Enhances plant growth by producing growth-promoting substances such as phytohormones and siderophores, facilitating nutrient uptake. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Title: The Genus Bacillus: Applications and Biotechnological Potential https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/76175 Relevance: Provides a broad overview of the biotechnological potential of various Bacillus species, including their roles in plant growth promotion, biocontrol, and bioremediation. Offers context for the broader impact of Bacillus in sustainable agriculture and environmental management. Title: Bacillus tequilensis as a broad-spectrum antifungal agent against phytopathogenic fungi https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32358811/ Relevance: This study details the antifungal properties of Bacillus tequilensis, showcasing the effectiveness of this bacterial strain in combating various plant pathogens. This provides a scientific basis for incorporating it into biocontrol products. Title: Draft Genome Sequence of Bacillus tequilensis Strain ZSB20, an Endophytic Diazotroph with Antimicrobial Activity, Isolated from Grape Roots https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5664934 Relevance: Provides genomic evidence for the diazotrophic (nitrogen-fixing) and antimicrobial capabilities of Bacillus tequilensis, validating its role as a beneficial endophyte for promoting plant health. Title: Plant Growth Promoting Potential of Bacillus tequilensis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Isolated from Saline Soil https://www.researchgate.net/publication/344037808_Plant_Growth_Promoting_Potential_of_Bacillus_tequilensis_and_Bacillus_amyloliquefaciens_Isolated_from_Saline_Soil Relevance: It shows the isolation of B. tequilensis from saline soil and its ability to promote plant growth under salt stress conditions, this study supports its use in salinity management and improving crop yields in salt-affected areas. Title: Characterization of the Biosurfactant Produced by Bacillus tequilensis and Its Application in Enhanced Oil Recovery. https://www.proquest.com/openview/4f200c3b1fdc247c90d566d7d4a03f7c/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y Relevance: This article characterizes the biosurfactant produced by B. tequilensis and explores its application in enhanced oil recovery. It offers insight into the surface-active properties of B. tequilensis, such as reducing surface and interfacial tension. Mode of Action Bacillus tequilensis exhibits a variety of modes of action, primarily centered around antimicrobial activity and the induction of plant resistance . Here's a breakdown of the key mechanisms: 1. Production of Antimicrobial Substances B. tequilensis can produce various secondary metabolites with antimicrobial properties. These can include: Lipopeptides and biosurfactants: These compounds can disrupt the cell membranes of pathogenic fungi and bacteria, leading to leakage of cellular contents and cell death. Examples include iturins and fengycins. Bacteriocins: These are proteinaceous toxins produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strains. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): Certain VOCs produced by B. tequilensis have demonstrated antifungal activity by inhibiting spore formation and germination and altering the cell morphology of pathogens. Enzymes: Production of lytic enzymes like chitinase, protease, and cellulase can degrade the cell walls of fungal pathogens. Other Antibiotic Compounds: Novel antibiotic agents like pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione,hexahydro, have been isolated from B. tequilensis with activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria. 2. Induction of Plant Resistance (Induced Systemic Resistance - ISR) B. tequilensis can trigger defense mechanisms in plants, making them more resistant to pathogen attacks. This can involve: Activation of the phenylpropanoid pathway: This pathway leads to the synthesis of various defense-related compounds like lignin and phenolic compounds, which strengthen plant cell walls and have antimicrobial properties. Enhancement of defense-related enzyme activities: B. tequilensis can induce the activity of enzymes such as phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H), 4-coumarate CoA ligase (4CL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD). These enzymes play crucial roles in plant defense responses. Stimulation of plant growth and development: Some strains of B. tequilensis can produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a plant hormone that promotes root growth and overall plant vigor, indirectly contributing to disease resistance. 3. Competition B. tequilensis can compete with pathogenic microorganisms for essential nutrients and space in the plant rhizosphere or on plant surfaces, limiting pathogen colonization and growth. 4. Biofilm Formation The ability of Bacillus species to form biofilms on plant roots can create a protective barrier against pathogen invasion and further infection. Additional Info Target pests: Fusarium wilt of tomato, leaf-spot disease of banana plants Recommended Crops: Tomato, banana, rice. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application The water-soluble powder formulation of Bacillus tequilensis is engineered for ease of use and maximum efficacy across a wide range of environmental and agricultural applications. Leveraging its robust biosurfactant production, cellulolytic activity, and broad-spectrum biocontrol potential, B. tequilensis is an ideal choice for bioremediation, pest control, organic matter recycling, and sustainable crop management. General Guidelines Preparation: Dissolve the required quantity of B. tequilensis powder in clean, non-chlorinated water. Avoid chlorinated water, as it may reduce bacterial viability and activity. Use a container or tank with adequate mixing to ensure complete dissolution. Activation Time: Allow the solution to rest for 15–30 minutes after mixing. This activates the microbial population and optimizes performance upon application. Application Timing:Apply early in the morning or late in the afternoon to minimize exposure to high temperatures and UV radiation, both of which can diminish bacterial efficacy. Dosage Recommendations 1. Bioremediation of Soil and Water Target: Hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and organic pollutants. Dosage: Dissolve 1–2 kg of powder in 200–400 liters of water per hectare for soil application. For water bodies, use 5–10 g per cubic meter of contaminated water. Application: Spray uniformly over contaminated soil or introduce directly into the polluted water body. B. tequilensis produces biosurfactants that enhance the breakdown and bioavailability of hydrocarbons and other pollutants . Frequency: Reapply every 3–4 weeks until remediation targets are met. 2. Pest and Disease Biocontrol in Agriculture Target: Soil-borne pathogens, fungal diseases, and certain pests. Dosage: Dissolve 500 g of powder in 100 liters of water per hectare. Application: Foliar Spray: Apply evenly over plant foliage to suppress fungal and bacterial pathogens. Soil Drench: Apply directly to the root zone to control soil-borne diseases and enhance root health. Frequency: Reapply every 2–3 weeks or as needed based on disease pressure. B. tequilensis is effective against a broad spectrum of plant pathogens, including Magnaporthe oryzae , Phytophthora nicotianae , Verticillium dahliae , and othes. 3. Nutrient Cycling and Organic Matter Decomposition Target: Soil enrichment, compost acceleration, and nutrient recycling. Dosage: Dissolve 1 kg of powder in 200 liters of water per hectare. Application: Apply as a soil drench or through fertigation systems. B. tequilensis exhibits strong cellulolytic activity, accelerating the breakdown of plant residues and improving soil fertility Frequency: Apply at the start of the growing season and repeat every 4–6 weeks for sustained soil health benefits. 4. Hydrocarbon and Industrial Waste Biodegradation Target: Hydrocarbons and organic waste in soil or industrial effluents. Dosage: Dissolve 1–2 kg of powder in 200–400 liters of water per hectare. Application: Spray over contaminated sites or introduce into waste streams. The biosurfactant-producing capacity of B. tequilensis enhances the emulsification and breakdown of recalcitrant pollutants. Frequency: Reapply every 4 weeks until remediation is complete. 5. Abiotic Stress Alleviation in Crops Target: Salinity and drought stress in sensitive crops. Dosage: 500 g–1 kg per hectare, dissolved in adequate water. Application: Soil drench or seed treatment. B. tequilensis has demonstrated efficacy in improving crop growth, nutrient uptake, and physiological resilience under saline and drought conditions, notably in rice and other cereals . Frequency: Apply at planting and repeat at key crop stages. Best Practices & Additional Notes For maximum biocontrol efficacy , consider integrating B. tequilensis with compatible carriers (e.g., biochar) or in consortia with other Bacillus species to enhance disease suppression and soil health 10 . Thermal and pH Stability: B. tequilensis metabolites remain active under a range of temperatures and acidic conditions, making it suitable for diverse environments. Environmental Safety: B. tequilensis is non-toxic to plants, animals, and humans when used as directed, supporting sustainable and eco-friendly management practices. Summary: Bacillus tequilensis is a versatile, science-backed microbial solution for bioremediation, crop protection, soil fertility, and stress mitigation. Its robust biosurfactant and enzyme production, broad-spectrum pathogen suppression, and adaptability to challenging environments make it a valuable tool for modern agriculture and environmental management. For technical support or custom application protocols, please contact us . FAQ What is Bacillus tequilensis ? Bacillus tequilensis is a species of bacteria belonging to the genus Bacillus . It's known for its diverse metabolic capabilities and its potential applications in various fields, particularly in agriculture as a biocontrol agent. What are the main modes of action of Bacillus tequilensis ? The primary modes of action include: Production of Antimicrobial Substances: Synthesizing compounds like lipopeptides, bacteriocins, volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and lytic enzymes that directly inhibit or kill pathogens. Induction of Plant Resistance (ISR): Triggering the plant's own defense mechanisms to become more resistant to diseases. Competition: Outcompeting pathogenic microorganisms for nutrients and space. Biofilm Formation: Creating a protective barrier on plant roots against pathogen invasion. How does Bacillus tequilensis produce antimicrobial substances? B. tequilensis can produce a range of compounds, including: Lipopeptides and biosurfactants: Disrupting pathogen cell membranes. Bacteriocins: Inhibiting the growth of other bacteria. Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): Exhibiting antifungal activity. Lytic Enzymes (e.g., chitinase, protease): Degrading pathogen cell walls. * Other Antibiotics: Novel compounds with antimicrobial properties. How does Bacillus tequilensis induce plant resistance? It triggers the plant's defense system through mechanisms such as: Activation of the phenylpropanoid pathway: Leading to the production of defense-related compounds. Enhancement of defense-related enzyme activities: Boosting enzymes involved in plant immunity. * Stimulation of plant growth and development: Indirectly contributing to resistance through improved plant health. Can Bacillus tequilensis help plants grow? Yes, some strains can produce indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), a plant hormone that promotes root growth and overall plant vigor. This can indirectly enhance the plant's ability to withstand stress, including pathogen attacks. What makes Bacillus tequilensis a good candidate for biocontrol? Its multiple modes of action, including direct antimicrobial activity and the ability to induce plant resistance, make it effective against a range of plant pathogens. Additionally, Bacillus species are generally known for their ability to colonize the rhizosphere and their relative safety. Is Bacillus tequilensis safe for the environment? When used as a biocontrol agent, Bacillus tequilensis is generally considered environmentally friendly as it offers a more sustainable alternative to synthetic pesticides. However, specific formulations and application methods should always be evaluated for their environmental impact. Where can Bacillus tequilensis be found? Bacillus species are widely distributed in nature and can be found in soil, water, and associated with plants. Bacillus tequilensis was initially isolated from a tequila fermentation process, hence its name. Are there different strains of Bacillus tequilensis with varying modes of action? Yes, different strains within the Bacillus tequilensis species can exhibit variations in their metabolic capabilities and the specific antimicrobial compounds they produce, as well as their effectiveness in inducing plant resistance. How is Bacillus tequilensis applied in agriculture? It can be applied through various methods, including seed treatments, soil drenching, and foliar sprays, depending on the target pathogen and the crop. Related Products Ampelomyces quisqualis Bacillus subtilis Chaetomium cupreum Fusarium proliferatum Lactobacillus plantarum Pediococcus pentosaceus Pseudomonas spp. Trichoderma harzianum More Products Resources Read all

< Animal Health Lactomine Pro Lactomine Pro has specialty blend containing probiotics as well as essential minerals for healthy growth and development of the cattle Product Enquiry Benefits Enhances Fertility and Milk Production Improves reproductive efficiency, increases milk yield, and optimizes fat content in milk for better dairy performance. Promotes Healthy Growth and Pregnancy Encourages optimal weight gain, supports faster growth, and contributes to a healthy, stress-free pregnancy. Prevents Deficiency-Related Disorders Helps prevent conditions like milk fever and rickets while reinforcing immune function in cattle. Strengthens Bones, Muscles, and Immunity Supports skeletal and muscular health, boosts immunity, and accelerates wound healing for overall resilience. Component Amount per kg Bacillus Subtilis 2 × 10⁹ CFU Lactobacillus Acidophilus 1 × 10⁹ CFU Lactobacillus Casei 1 × 10⁹ CFU Bifidobacterium 1 × 10⁹ CFU Aspergillus Oryzae 1 × 10⁹ CFU Yeast Culture 10 Billion CFU Sodium 100 mcg Potassium 50 mcg Magnesium 50 mcg Vitamin A 50,000 IU Vitamin D3 30,000 IU Alpha Amylase 60,000 units Beta Glucanase 30,000 units Xylanase 60,000 Lysine 100 mcg Choline 150 mcg Methionine 150 mcg Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application Content coming soon! Additional Info Content coming soon! Related Products Stress Pro Camel Care Pro Cattle Care Max Cattle Care Pro Feed Pro Grass Mask Lactomix Mineral Max Pastocare Calf Pro More Products Resources Read all

Leading manufacturer & exporter of Nano Copper Fertilizers, enhancing plant growth with innovative, eco-friendly solutions. Boost your yield with us! < Nano Fertilizers Nano Copper Nano-sized copper particles encapsulated in a water suspension, effective in controlling plant pathogenic diseases like downy mildew in grapes, compliant with organic farming standards. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Universal Fungal Disinfectant Effectively disinfects against a wide range of fungi, enhancing plant health. Versatile Use Can be applied to disinfect plant debris, plants, and pruned materials, reducing pathogen spread. Compatibility Works well with chemical pesticides, fertilizers, micronutrients, and plant growth regulators (PGRs). Safe and Non-Toxic Does not contain hazardous components like hydrogen peroxide, making it safe for plants and users. Component Concentration Function Copper Sulfate 2.00% Active antifungal agent PEG 6000 2.00% Humectant; improves spreading Ascorbic Acid 1.00% Antioxidant; stabilizes copper Sodium Borohydride 0.20% Reduces copper to nano-scale Biopolymer 10.00% Encapsulation matrix Aqua q.s. Suspension medium Composition Dosage & Application Why choose this product Key Benefits Sustainability Advantage Additional Info FAQ Additional Info Physical Properties: Form : Water suspension Copper concentration : 50 ppm (when mixed at 5 ml/L) Particle size : 1-100 nanometers pH : 6.0-6.5 Stability : 2+ years in cool conditions Shelf-life : Stable; maintains suspension without significant settling Related Products For Integrated Disease Control: Trichoderma Harzianum (Biofungicide) : Use 1 week after Nano Copper Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens (Biofungicide) : Apply after 7-day interval Neem Oil (Botanical Fungicide) : Rotation partner for resistance management For Nutrient & Growth Support: Nano Calcium : Reduces fruit drop; improves crop quality Nano Iron : Corrects iron deficiency; enhances plant health For Comprehensive Crop Health: Plant Growth Promoters : Synergize with nano-copper delivery systems Why choose this product? Nano Copper represents a paradigm shift in fungal disease management, combining the proven efficacy of copper with cutting-edge nanotechnology to deliver superior performance in modern agriculture. Unlike conventional copper-based fungicides, Nano Copper's nano-scale formulation (water suspension with 2.00% Copper Sulfate and 10.00% Biopolymer) offers enhanced bioavailability, reduced environmental accumulation, and organic farming compliance. The proprietary encapsulation technology ensures stable delivery of copper ions precisely where needed—at the site of pathogenic infection—while maintaining safety for beneficial soil organisms and food crops. Key Benefits at a Glance Superior Disease Control Highly effective against downy mildew in grapes, cucurbits, and other crops Demonstrated efficacy against powdery mildew, bacterial spot, and fungal leaf spots Broad-spectrum antifungal activity across diverse crop pathogenic fungi Works at lower copper concentrations than conventional fungicides Nanotechnology Advantages 50-100x higher surface area than conventional copper particles Enhanced penetration into fungal cell membranes and spore structures More uniform distribution on leaf surfaces Reduced particle settling—maintains suspension stability longer Environmental & Health Safety Approved for organic agriculture systems globally Reduces cumulative soil copper residue compared to traditional formulations Lower toxicity risk to non-target organisms (earthworms, beneficial insects) Rapid degradation in soil without bioaccumulation Safer than soluble copper sulfate forms (less phytotoxic) Economic Efficiency Lower application rates required due to increased bioavailability Reduced frequency of reapplication cycles Better value per unit of active copper Minimizes spray drift and runoff losses Practical Application Easy mixing at 50ppm concentration Compatible with most organic pest management programs No mixing restrictions with biological fungicides (wait 1 week after spray) Effective in diverse climate conditions Sustainability Advantage Nano Copper embodies sustainable agriculture principles by enabling "precision copper delivery" through nanotechnology. This approach represents a fundamental evolution beyond conventional blanket-spray fungicide strategies: Reduced Environmental Copper Load Conventional copper fungicides (Cu(OH)₂, copper oxychloride, Bordeaux mixture) leave cumulative soil residues that can accumulate to 1500-3000 mg Cu/kg soil after decades of use, potentially requiring land-use conversion. Nano Copper's enhanced bioavailability allows effective disease control at substantially lower total copper application rates, reducing long-term environmental persistence and soil copper saturation. Lower Phytotoxicity & Higher Crop Safety Nano-formulated copper exhibits significantly lower phytotoxic effects compared to highly soluble copper sulfate (CuSO₄), which can cause leaf burn and tissue damage. The encapsulated nano-particles release copper ions gradually and spatially at fungal infection sites, rather than creating high local concentrations that damage plant tissue. Field trials show improved plant health and yield compared to traditional copper formulations. Ecological Compatibility Studies demonstrate that copper nanoparticles cause less disruption to soil microbial communities than conventional copper forms. When properly formulated (as in Nano Copper with its biopolymer carrier), soil microbes adapt more readily to the nanoparticle presence. This preserves beneficial nutrient-cycling bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and soil fauna that support long-term soil health and productivity. Organic Certification Alignment As a nano-formulated copper hydroxide suspension, Nano Copper meets EU Regulation 2018/1981 and OMRI (Organic Materials Review Institute) standards for approved substances in organic production. Its compliant composition supports organic certification while delivering modern disease control efficacy that minimizes the need for multiple spray rotations. Precision Application Strategy By combining early detection scouting with nano-copper application, growers can implement "targeted disease management" rather than calendar-based preventive spraying. This reduces total pesticide volume, protects beneficial organisms in untreated areas, and minimizes non-target impacts. Biodegradation & Residue Profile Nano Copper's biopolymer carrier matrix biodegrades under soil microbial action and UV exposure, releasing copper ions that are then sequestered by soil minerals or incorporated into microbial biomass. This contrasts with persistent organic pesticides or metallic residues that resist decomposition. Studies confirm negligible copper residues in harvested produce when application rates and pre-harvest intervals are followed. Dosage & Application Foliar Application (Spray): Mix Nano Cu at a rate of 5 ml per liter of water to achieve 50ppm copper concentration. Spray Application Timing: Apply at first sign of disease or when conditions favor disease Repeat application after one week if disease pressure continues Cease sprays 14-21 days before harvest Soil Application (Drench/Irrigation): For soil-borne pathogens: Apply 2.5 liters per acre during sowing or transplantation Mix into soil at 2-4 inches depth Provides season-long disease suppression Application Restrictions & Precautions: Do not mix with chemical pesticides : Compromises formulation stability and efficacy Microbial inoculant timing : Wait minimum 1 week after application before introducing beneficial microbes Copper ions can reduce microbial inoculant viability After 7 days, copper residues diminish and microbial colonization proceeds Weather considerations : Avoid high heat (above 85°F/29°C) Apply during cool morning or evening hours Ensure adequate leaf wetness Crop-specific precautions : Test on small area for sensitive cultivars Young trees/vines: Use half-strength (2.5 ml/L) Avoid application during bloom and early fruit development Regional compliance : EU maximum: 6 kg Cu per hectare per year Check destination country residue limits Verify organic certifier approval FAQ What is Nano Copper Good For? Nano Copper is a precision fungicide specifically formulated to manage a broad spectrum of fungal diseases affecting high-value crops. Its primary applications include: Grape & Vineyard Protection Downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) : The primary target disease. Nano Copper provides preventive and early curative activity, reducing disease incidence by 70-90% when applied at the first sign of disease pressure Powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) : Effective with proper application timing, especially during high humidity periods Field trials : Confirm Nano Copper efficacy comparable to traditional copper-based fungicides but with reduced application frequency Cucurbit Crops (Cucumbers, Melons, Watermelons, Squash) Downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) : Highly destructive pathogen; Nano Copper provides 65-85% control when preventive applications begin before disease establishment Powdery mildew : Common foliar disease; responsive to nano-copper treatment with 70%+ control efficacy Fruit & Vegetable Crops Bacterial spot (Xanthomonas spp.) : Particularly effective on citrus, peppers, and tomatoes Anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) : Direct antifungal activity against spore germination and mycelial growth Fungal leaf spots : Including Septoria, Alternaria, and Cercospora species Specialty & High-Value Crops Stone fruits (peaches, plums, nectarines) : Prevention of brown rot and leaf curl Pome fruits (apples, pears) : Supplementary control of various fungal diseases Berry crops (strawberries, blueberries) : Management of gray mold and powdery mildew Application Contexts Preventive/Prophylactic : Applied before disease appearance when weather conditions favor pathogen development Early curative : Applied within 48-72 hours of first disease symptom detection Integrated disease management : Used as component of multi-strategy disease control What are the Benefits of Copper Nanoparticles? Copper nanoparticles, particularly when properly formulated as in Nano Copper, offer transformative advantages over conventional copper-based fungicides: Enhanced Antifungal Efficacy The nanoparticles' ultrafine dimensions (typically 1-100 nm) dramatically increase the surface-area-to-volume ratio to 50-200 m²/g, compared to microscale copper particles at 0.1-1 m²/g. This expanded surface area provides: Increased contact points : More reactive sites interact with fungal cell membranes simultaneously Accelerated penetration : Smaller particle size enables deeper embedding into fungal spore walls and hyphal structures Enhanced ion release : Gradual dissolution within acidic fungal microenvironments (pH 3-5) provides sustained copper ion availability Research evidence : Studies demonstrate 81.9% growth inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides at 500 mg/mL copper nanoparticles versus 56% for conventional copper oxide Antifungal Mechanism of Action Copper nanoparticles employ multiple simultaneous mechanisms: Contact-killing disruption : Cell membrane damage and rupture Leakage of cellular contents Swelling and deformation of hyphal structures Loss of filamentous integrity Oxidative stress induction : Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) Hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radicals Hydroxyl radicals attacking cellular proteins and DNA Mitochondrial dysfunction Protein and DNA damage : Inhibition of respiratory chain proteins Disruption of cytochrome c oxidase DNA and RNA synthesis interference Spore germination prevention : Prevents appressorium formation Blocks germ tube elongation Cell viability reduction of 76.8-77.7% at 200-500 mg/mL Improved Bioavailability & Stability The nano-formulation (containing 10% Biopolymer carrier) provides: Sustained release : Gradual copper ion liberation over hours to days Targeted delivery : Preferential delivery to leaf surfaces where pathogenic spores germinate Improved adhesion : Enhanced sticking to hydrophobic leaf wax surfaces Photostability : Reduced photodegradation compared to unencapsulated copper compounds pH buffering : Ascorbic acid maintains optimal pH for antifungal activity Lower Phytotoxicity & Plant Safety Unlike soluble copper sulfate which causes severe leaf burn, nano-copper delivers copper ions gradually: Reduced leaf necrosis : Gradual ion release prevents concentrated copper damage Better crop safety : Field trials show improved plant vigor compared to copper hydroxide formulations Optimal concentration delivery : Provides fungistatic concentrations without toxic plant-tissue levels Compatibility : Safe for use on sensitive crop stages Reduced Environmental Accumulation Lower total copper application : 30-50% reductions in total copper per season possible Reduced soil persistence : Doesn't accumulate to problematic levels seen with conventional copper Biopolymer degradation : Organic matrix biodegrades; copper sequestered by soil minerals Microbial compatibility : Soil microbial communities tolerate nano-copper better than conventional forms Compatible with Beneficial Organisms Earthworm safety : Iron nanoparticle-coated copper: 0% mortality versus 50% for copper oxychloride Pollinator safety : Low toxicity to bees and beneficial insects Mycorrhizal compatibility : Root-symbiotic partners tolerate nano-copper exposure Bacterium preservation : Soil bacterial populations maintain diversity and nutrient cycling activity Synergistic Effects Combination efficacy : Copper nanoparticles + chitosan carriers show 98% powdery mildew inhibition Integration with biologicals : Compatible with Trichoderma and Bacillus species (maintain 1-week interval) OMRI compliance : Works with certified organic inputs What is Nano Copper for Agriculture? Nano Copper represents a revolutionary approach to copper-based fungal disease management in agriculture, leveraging nanotechnology to overcome conventional copper limitations while maintaining organic certification compliance. Agricultural Disease Management Role Nano Copper fills a critical gap as a high-efficacy, low-residue alternative to conventional copper fungicides . In regions with strict copper regulations (EU, parts of Asia, Americas), where annual limits restrict traditional use, Nano Copper enables equivalent or superior disease control at 30-50% reduced copper rates. Organic Agriculture Integration For certified organic farmers: OMRI & EU Regulation 2018/1981 compliant : Approved for organic production Regulatory acceptance : Pre-approval eliminates registration barriers Reduced chemical load : Enables disease control without relying solely on sulfur or resistant varieties Preventive capability : 70-90% disease reduction when applied at pressure onset Precision Agriculture Implementation Weather-triggered application : Predictive models based on leaf wetness, temperature, humidity Scouting-based deployment : Applied only when action thresholds reached Drone & UAV application : Fine particle size suits precision technologies Geospatial mapping : Target disease hotspots through remote sensing Crop-Specific Agricultural Applications Viticulture (Grape Production) Downy mildew causes 30-50% crop losses without management Preventive sprays during high-risk periods Reduces total fungicide rotations per season Maintains wine quality by avoiding excessive residues Compatible with IPM strategies High-Value Vegetable Production In intensive cucurbit, pepper, tomato production Early-season preventive applications Reduces secondary disease complex management costs Maintains market-quality produce Tropical & Subtropical Agriculture High-humidity continuous fungal pressure regions Enhanced bioavailability allows fewer spray cycles Reduces environmental copper load (critical in high-residue regions) Compatible with frequent rainfall patterns Specialty Crop Production (Berries, Stone Fruits, Citrus) Zero-tolerance disease strategies Combines with exclusionary tactics Reduces reliance on multi-component synthetic fungicide programs Prevents resistance development Sustainability & Environmental Agriculture Soil Health Preservation Maintains beneficial microbial communities Prevents copper accumulation forcing land abandonment Preserves earthworm populations and soil fauna Reduced Chemical Footprint Enables fungal disease control without synthetic DMI fungicides Avoids QoI fungicides associated with resistance Complements biological control strategies Water Quality Protection Reduces spray drift to non-target areas Biopolymer carrier influences particle settling Lower application rates reduce copper aquatic loading Resistance Management Nano Copper contributes through: Single-site independent mechanism : Multi-target action means resistance virtually impossible (unlike DMI, QoI fungicides) Rotation strategy : Enables effective rotations with mode-of-action-diverse products Long-term sustainability : 100+ years of copper use without clinically significant resistance Economic Value Cost efficiency : Lower rates and reduced spray frequency Yield protection : Preventive control maintains quality and marketability Risk mitigation : Organic premiums of 15-50% justify investment Reduced application costs : Fewer spray rotations needed Future Agricultural Role Maintains productivity as global regulations tighten Bridges technology gap until new biotech solutions available Preserves organic agriculture systems Supports sustainable intensification on existing land Related Products Nano Urea Hydromax Anpeekay NPK Nano Boron Nano Calcium Nano Chitosan Nano Iron Nano Potassium More Products Resources Read all

Frateuria aurantia is a beneficial bacterium solubilizing potassium present in the soil, converting it into a form that plants can utilize. This product is recommended for soils with potassium deficiency. < Microbial Species Frateuria aurantia Frateuria aurantia is a beneficial bacterium solubilizing potassium present in the soil, converting it into a form that plants can utilize. This product is recommended… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Improved Plant Immune System Enhances plant resistance to pathogens and environmental stresses, promoting healthier growth and higher yields. High Germination Rate Promotes better seed germination, ensuring establishment and early growth of crops. Root Development Stimulates root growth and proliferation, enhancing nutrient and water uptake for plant vigor. Stress Reduction Mitigates environmental stressors, improving plant resilience to adverse conditions and maintaining optimal growth. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Seed Coating/Seed Treatment: 1 kg of seeds will be coated with a slurry mixture of 10 g of Frateuria Aurantia and 10 g of crude sugar in sufficient water. The coated seeds will then be dried in shade and sow or broadcast in the field. Seedling Treatment: Dipped the seedlings into the mixture of 100 grams of Frateuria Aurantia and sufficient amount of water. Soil Treatment: Mix 3-5 kg per acre of Frateuria Aurantia with organic manure/organic fertilizers. Incorporate the mixture and spread into the field on the time of planting/sowing. Irrigation: Mix 3 kg per acre of Frateuria Aurantia in a sufficient amount of water and run into the drip lines. FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Bacillus mucilaginosus More Products Resources Read all