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Leading manufacturer & exporter of Nano Copper Fertilizers, enhancing plant growth with innovative, eco-friendly solutions. Boost your yield with us! < Nano Fertilizers Nano Copper Nano-sized copper particles suspended in water, formulated for efficient uptake at low applied volumes. Copper is an essential micronutrient with roles in plant enzyme activity, photosynthesis and lignin formation. Confirm the rate for your crop and growing conditions against the current product specification. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Universal Fungal Disinfectant Effectively disinfects against a wide range of fungi, enhancing plant health. Versatile Use Can be applied to disinfect plant debris, plants, and pruned materials, reducing pathogen spread. Compatibility Works well with chemical pesticides, fertilizers, micronutrients, and plant growth regulators (PGRs). Safe and Non-Toxic Does not contain hazardous components like hydrogen peroxide, making it safe for plants and users. Component Concentration Function Copper Sulfate 2.00% Active antifungal agent PEG 6000 2.00% Humectant; improves spreading Ascorbic Acid 1.00% Antioxidant; stabilizes copper Sodium Borohydride 0.20% Reduces copper to nano-scale Biopolymer 10.00% Encapsulation matrix Aqua q.s. Suspension medium Composition Dosage & Application Why choose this product Key Benefits Sustainability Advantage Additional Info FAQ Additional Info Physical Properties: Form : Water suspension Copper concentration : 50 ppm (when mixed at 5 ml/L) Particle size : 1-100 nanometers pH : 6.0-6.5 Stability : 2+ years in cool conditions Shelf-life : Stable; maintains suspension without significant settling Related Products For Integrated Disease Control: Trichoderma Harzianum (Biofungicide) : Use 1 week after Nano Copper Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens (Biofungicide) : Apply after 7-day interval Neem Oil (Botanical Fungicide) : Rotation partner for resistance management For Nutrient & Growth Support: Nano Calcium : Reduces fruit drop; improves crop quality Nano Iron : Corrects iron deficiency; enhances plant health For Comprehensive Crop Health: Plant Growth Promoters : Synergize with nano-copper delivery systems Why choose this product? Nano Copper represents a paradigm shift in fungal disease management, combining the proven efficacy of copper with cutting-edge nanotechnology to deliver superior performance in modern agriculture. Unlike conventional copper-based fungicides, Nano Copper's nano-scale formulation (water suspension with 2.00% Copper Sulfate and 10.00% Biopolymer) offers enhanced bioavailability, reduced environmental accumulation, and organic farming compliance. The proprietary encapsulation technology ensures stable delivery of copper ions precisely where needed—at the site of pathogenic infection—while maintaining safety for beneficial soil organisms and food crops. Key Benefits at a Glance Superior Disease Control Highly effective against downy mildew in grapes, cucurbits, and other crops Demonstrated efficacy against powdery mildew, bacterial spot, and fungal leaf spots Broad-spectrum antifungal activity across diverse crop pathogenic fungi Works at lower copper concentrations than conventional fungicides Nanotechnology Advantages 50-100x higher surface area than conventional copper particles Enhanced penetration into fungal cell membranes and spore structures More uniform distribution on leaf surfaces Reduced particle settling—maintains suspension stability longer Environmental & Health Safety Approved for organic agriculture systems globally Reduces cumulative soil copper residue compared to traditional formulations Lower toxicity risk to non-target organisms (earthworms, beneficial insects) Rapid degradation in soil without bioaccumulation Safer than soluble copper sulfate forms (less phytotoxic) Economic Efficiency Lower application rates required due to increased bioavailability Reduced frequency of reapplication cycles Better value per unit of active copper Minimizes spray drift and runoff losses Practical Application Easy mixing at 50ppm concentration Compatible with most organic pest management programs No mixing restrictions with biological fungicides (wait 1 week after spray) Effective in diverse climate conditions Sustainability Advantage Nano Copper embodies sustainable agriculture principles by enabling "precision copper delivery" through nanotechnology. This approach represents a fundamental evolution beyond conventional blanket-spray fungicide strategies: Reduced Environmental Copper Load Conventional copper fungicides (Cu(OH)₂, copper oxychloride, Bordeaux mixture) leave cumulative soil residues that can accumulate to 1500-3000 mg Cu/kg soil after decades of use, potentially requiring land-use conversion. Nano Copper's enhanced bioavailability allows effective disease control at substantially lower total copper application rates, reducing long-term environmental persistence and soil copper saturation. Lower Phytotoxicity & Higher Crop Safety Nano-formulated copper exhibits significantly lower phytotoxic effects compared to highly soluble copper sulfate (CuSO₄), which can cause leaf burn and tissue damage. The encapsulated nano-particles release copper ions gradually and spatially at fungal infection sites, rather than creating high local concentrations that damage plant tissue. Field trials show improved plant health and yield compared to traditional copper formulations. Ecological Compatibility Studies demonstrate that copper nanoparticles cause less disruption to soil microbial communities than conventional copper forms. When properly formulated (as in Nano Copper with its biopolymer carrier), soil microbes adapt more readily to the nanoparticle presence. This preserves beneficial nutrient-cycling bacteria, mycorrhizal fungi, and soil fauna that support long-term soil health and productivity. Organic Certification Alignment As a nano-formulated copper hydroxide suspension, Nano Copper meets EU Regulation 2018/1981 and OMRI (Organic Materials Review Institute) standards for approved substances in organic production. Its compliant composition supports organic certification while delivering modern disease control efficacy that minimizes the need for multiple spray rotations. Precision Application Strategy By combining early detection scouting with nano-copper application, growers can implement "targeted disease management" rather than calendar-based preventive spraying. This reduces total pesticide volume, protects beneficial organisms in untreated areas, and minimizes non-target impacts. Biodegradation & Residue Profile Nano Copper's biopolymer carrier matrix biodegrades under soil microbial action and UV exposure, releasing copper ions that are then sequestered by soil minerals or incorporated into microbial biomass. This contrasts with persistent organic pesticides or metallic residues that resist decomposition. Studies confirm negligible copper residues in harvested produce when application rates and pre-harvest intervals are followed. Dosage & Application Foliar Application (Spray): Mix Nano Cu at a rate of 5 ml per liter of water to achieve 50ppm copper concentration. Spray Application Timing: Apply at first sign of disease or when conditions favor disease Repeat application after one week if disease pressure continues Cease sprays 14-21 days before harvest Soil Application (Drench/Irrigation): For soil-borne pathogens: Apply 2.5 liters per acre during sowing or transplantation Mix into soil at 2-4 inches depth Provides season-long disease suppression Application Restrictions & Precautions: Do not mix with chemical pesticides : Compromises formulation stability and efficacy Microbial inoculant timing : Wait minimum 1 week after application before introducing beneficial microbes Copper ions can reduce microbial inoculant viability After 7 days, copper residues diminish and microbial colonization proceeds Weather considerations : Avoid high heat (above 85°F/29°C) Apply during cool morning or evening hours Ensure adequate leaf wetness Crop-specific precautions : Test on small area for sensitive cultivars Young trees/vines: Use half-strength (2.5 ml/L) Avoid application during bloom and early fruit development Regional compliance : EU maximum: 6 kg Cu per hectare per year Check destination country residue limits Verify organic certifier approval FAQ What is Nano Copper Good For? Nano Copper is a precision fungicide specifically formulated to manage a broad spectrum of fungal diseases affecting high-value crops. Its primary applications include: Grape & Vineyard Protection Downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) : The primary target disease. Nano Copper provides preventive and early curative activity, reducing disease incidence by 70-90% when applied at the first sign of disease pressure Powdery mildew (Erysiphe necator) : Effective with proper application timing, especially during high humidity periods Field trials : Confirm Nano Copper efficacy comparable to traditional copper-based fungicides but with reduced application frequency Cucurbit Crops (Cucumbers, Melons, Watermelons, Squash) Downy mildew (Pseudoperonospora cubensis) : Highly destructive pathogen; Nano Copper provides 65-85% control when preventive applications begin before disease establishment Powdery mildew : Common foliar disease; responsive to nano-copper treatment with 70%+ control efficacy Fruit & Vegetable Crops Bacterial spot (Xanthomonas spp.) : Particularly effective on citrus, peppers, and tomatoes Anthracnose (Colletotrichum spp.) : Direct antifungal activity against spore germination and mycelial growth Fungal leaf spots : Including Septoria, Alternaria, and Cercospora species Specialty & High-Value Crops Stone fruits (peaches, plums, nectarines) : Prevention of brown rot and leaf curl Pome fruits (apples, pears) : Supplementary control of various fungal diseases Berry crops (strawberries, blueberries) : Management of gray mold and powdery mildew Application Contexts Preventive/Prophylactic : Applied before disease appearance when weather conditions favor pathogen development Early curative : Applied within 48-72 hours of first disease symptom detection Integrated disease management : Used as component of multi-strategy disease control What are the Benefits of Copper Nanoparticles? Copper nanoparticles, particularly when properly formulated as in Nano Copper, offer transformative advantages over conventional copper-based fungicides: Enhanced Antifungal Efficacy The nanoparticles' ultrafine dimensions (typically 1-100 nm) dramatically increase the surface-area-to-volume ratio to 50-200 m²/g, compared to microscale copper particles at 0.1-1 m²/g. This expanded surface area provides: Increased contact points : More reactive sites interact with fungal cell membranes simultaneously Accelerated penetration : Smaller particle size enables deeper embedding into fungal spore walls and hyphal structures Enhanced ion release : Gradual dissolution within acidic fungal microenvironments (pH 3-5) provides sustained copper ion availability Research evidence : Studies demonstrate 81.9% growth inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides at 500 mg/mL copper nanoparticles versus 56% for conventional copper oxide Antifungal Mechanism of Action Copper nanoparticles employ multiple simultaneous mechanisms: Contact-killing disruption : Cell membrane damage and rupture Leakage of cellular contents Swelling and deformation of hyphal structures Loss of filamentous integrity Oxidative stress induction : Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) Hydrogen peroxide and superoxide radicals Hydroxyl radicals attacking cellular proteins and DNA Mitochondrial dysfunction Protein and DNA damage : Inhibition of respiratory chain proteins Disruption of cytochrome c oxidase DNA and RNA synthesis interference Spore germination prevention : Prevents appressorium formation Blocks germ tube elongation Cell viability reduction of 76.8-77.7% at 200-500 mg/mL Improved Bioavailability & Stability The nano-formulation (containing 10% Biopolymer carrier) provides: Sustained release : Gradual copper ion liberation over hours to days Targeted delivery : Preferential delivery to leaf surfaces where pathogenic spores germinate Improved adhesion : Enhanced sticking to hydrophobic leaf wax surfaces Photostability : Reduced photodegradation compared to unencapsulated copper compounds pH buffering : Ascorbic acid maintains optimal pH for antifungal activity Lower Phytotoxicity & Plant Safety Unlike soluble copper sulfate which causes severe leaf burn, nano-copper delivers copper ions gradually: Reduced leaf necrosis : Gradual ion release prevents concentrated copper damage Better crop safety : Field trials show improved plant vigor compared to copper hydroxide formulations Optimal concentration delivery : Provides fungistatic concentrations without toxic plant-tissue levels Compatibility : Safe for use on sensitive crop stages Reduced Environmental Accumulation Lower total copper application : 30-50% reductions in total copper per season possible Reduced soil persistence : Doesn't accumulate to problematic levels seen with conventional copper Biopolymer degradation : Organic matrix biodegrades; copper sequestered by soil minerals Microbial compatibility : Soil microbial communities tolerate nano-copper better than conventional forms Compatible with Beneficial Organisms Earthworm safety : Iron nanoparticle-coated copper: 0% mortality versus 50% for copper oxychloride Pollinator safety : Low toxicity to bees and beneficial insects Mycorrhizal compatibility : Root-symbiotic partners tolerate nano-copper exposure Bacterium preservation : Soil bacterial populations maintain diversity and nutrient cycling activity Synergistic Effects Combination efficacy : Copper nanoparticles + chitosan carriers show 98% powdery mildew inhibition Integration with biologicals : Compatible with Trichoderma and Bacillus species (maintain 1-week interval) OMRI compliance : Works with certified organic inputs What is Nano Copper for Agriculture? Nano Copper represents a revolutionary approach to copper-based fungal disease management in agriculture, leveraging nanotechnology to overcome conventional copper limitations while maintaining organic certification compliance. Agricultural Disease Management Role Nano Copper fills a critical gap as a high-efficacy, low-residue alternative to conventional copper fungicides . In regions with strict copper regulations (EU, parts of Asia, Americas), where annual limits restrict traditional use, Nano Copper enables equivalent or superior disease control at 30-50% reduced copper rates. Organic Agriculture Integration For certified organic farmers: OMRI & EU Regulation 2018/1981 compliant : Approved for organic production Regulatory acceptance : Pre-approval eliminates registration barriers Reduced chemical load : Enables disease control without relying solely on sulfur or resistant varieties Preventive capability : 70-90% disease reduction when applied at pressure onset Precision Agriculture Implementation Weather-triggered application : Predictive models based on leaf wetness, temperature, humidity Scouting-based deployment : Applied only when action thresholds reached Drone & UAV application : Fine particle size suits precision technologies Geospatial mapping : Target disease hotspots through remote sensing Crop-Specific Agricultural Applications Viticulture (Grape Production) Downy mildew causes 30-50% crop losses without management Preventive sprays during high-risk periods Reduces total fungicide rotations per season Maintains wine quality by avoiding excessive residues Compatible with IPM strategies High-Value Vegetable Production In intensive cucurbit, pepper, tomato production Early-season preventive applications Reduces secondary disease complex management costs Maintains market-quality produce Tropical & Subtropical Agriculture High-humidity continuous fungal pressure regions Enhanced bioavailability allows fewer spray cycles Reduces environmental copper load (critical in high-residue regions) Compatible with frequent rainfall patterns Specialty Crop Production (Berries, Stone Fruits, Citrus) Zero-tolerance disease strategies Combines with exclusionary tactics Reduces reliance on multi-component synthetic fungicide programs Prevents resistance development Sustainability & Environmental Agriculture Soil Health Preservation Maintains beneficial microbial communities Prevents copper accumulation forcing land abandonment Preserves earthworm populations and soil fauna Reduced Chemical Footprint Enables fungal disease control without synthetic DMI fungicides Avoids QoI fungicides associated with resistance Complements biological control strategies Water Quality Protection Reduces spray drift to non-target areas Biopolymer carrier influences particle settling Lower application rates reduce copper aquatic loading Resistance Management Nano Copper contributes through: Single-site independent mechanism : Multi-target action means resistance virtually impossible (unlike DMI, QoI fungicides) Rotation strategy : Enables effective rotations with mode-of-action-diverse products Long-term sustainability : 100+ years of copper use without clinically significant resistance Economic Value Cost efficiency : Lower rates and reduced spray frequency Yield protection : Preventive control maintains quality and marketability Risk mitigation : Organic premiums of 15-50% justify investment Reduced application costs : Fewer spray rotations needed Future Agricultural Role Maintains productivity as global regulations tighten Bridges technology gap until new biotech solutions available Preserves organic agriculture systems Supports sustainable intensification on existing land Related Products Nano Urea Hydromax Anpeekay NPK Nano Boron Nano Calcium Nano Chitosan Nano Iron Nano Potassium More Products Resources Read all

Searching for Neem Plus for wheat farming? A natural pest control solution that protects crops, balances soil health, and supports sustainable agriculture. Enquire Now < Crop Kits Neem Plus Neem Plus is a water-soluble neem and karanja-based bio-formulation targeting over 400 crop pests. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Biodegradable and Residue-Free The pesticide is environmentally safe, fully biodegradable, and leaves no harmful residues. Safe and Compatible Harmless to beneficial insects and compatible with other pesticides and fungicides in pH ranges from 5.5 to 6.5. Resistance Prevention The limonoid spectrum in Neem Plus hinders the development of resistance in pests. Multi-Action Insect Control Acts as a repellent, antiovipositor, and insect growth regulator, disrupting key stages of the pest life cycle. Benefits Content coming soon! Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application For Bollworm, White fly: Use 2.5–5 ml of formulation Dilute in 500–1000 ml of water Waiting period: 5 days before harvest For Thrips, Stem Borer, Leaf folder, Brown Plant Hopper: Use 1.5–2.5 ml of formulation Dilute in 500 ml of water Waiting period: 5 days before harvest HOW TO USE? Neem Protect can be mixed with water and used in spray pumps. Normally oil and water don’t mix, however NEEM PLUS comes with a ready-to-use formulation which you can directly mix with water and start using on your plants. Spray the mixed solution on all the leaves, especially the undersides. When spraying for the first time, drench the soil around the roots as well as it is even good for your soil. Instructions to Open Open the bottle outdoors with care. Do not shake the bottle before opening. The bottle has a double seal system — an external black cap and a white inner plug with a nozzle in the centre. After opening the black outer cap, the inner plug has to be pierced in the middle using any pointed tool. The nozzle should give way, with a small hole, through which the liquid fertiliser can pour out. Additional Info Storage Requirements Store below 40°C in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place. Keep away from sunlight, children, and animals. Do not store in metallic containers. Keep tightly closed when not in use. Handling Precautions Use standard hygiene and safety practices for agricultural products. Related Products Aminomax SP Annomax BioProtek Biocupe Seed Protek Silicomax Dates Pro BloomX More Products Resources Read all

Leading manufacturer & exporter of Mykrobak Dairy, a natural solution for dairy waste management. Enhance efficiency with our eco-friendly product. < Environmental Solutions Mykrobak Dairy Mykrobak Dairy efficiently breaks down organic compounds in dairy wastewater, reducing BOD, COD, TSS, and fat, oil, and grease. Handles shock loads and works across various pH and temperature ranges. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Volatile Fatty Acid Degradation Degrades volatile fatty acids, improving biological tank performance. Foam Reduction Reduces foaming in the biological tank, ensuring stable operation. Bacterial Control Suppresses harmful bacterial growth, promoting a healthier environment. Fast Commissioning Reduces plant commissioning time, allowing for quicker operational readiness. Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info FAQ Composition Performance properties PH 6.5 – 7.5 Temperature 5 to 55°C Reactivation Rate 99% After addition to water Concentration Highly Concentrated Shelf Life 2 years Physical properties Appearance Off White Colour Physical State Powdered Form Odour Odourless Moisture Content 6-7% Mesh Size 0.6 mm Packaging 1 kg Aluminum zip lock Dosage & Application Dosage Schedule Depend upon the organic load, contaminants and volume of waste water. Area of Application Membrane Bio reactor Activated sludge Process Sequencing batch reactor Moving bed bio reactor Extended Aeration system UASB Application Matrix Mix Mykrobak 1 kg powder in 20 Liter water (Prefer normal temperature) Stir well and remain in bucket for 30 minutes (for bacteria activation) Directly Dose at inlet of tank. Additional Info Bacterial consortium belongs to the following: Hydrocarbon-reducing bacteria Hydrolytic bacteria Hyperthermophilic and thermophilic bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria Photosynthetic bacteria & fluorescent bacteria Fermentative bacteria Acetogenic bacteria Odour control bacteria Enzymes belong to the co-enzymes of the following groups: Oxidoreductases Transferases Lyases Advantages of Mykrobak products: Promote the formation of potential and sustainable biomass Reduce contaminants, toxicity, pollutants, and bad odors Initiate biodegradation quickly Effective in reducing COD/BOD in ETP/STP/WTP Help in the fastest commissioning of biological treatment processes in ETP/STP, etc. Boost MLSS production rapidly Reduce ammoniacal nitrogen Improve digester system recovery Increase the efficiency of biogas production Improve tertiary treatment Reduce large quantities of organic compounds Improve the aquatic environment Clarify ponds and lakes water Safe and natural Economically feasible FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Mykrobak Aerobic Mykrobak Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment Mykrobak Biotoilet Mykrobak Composting Mykrobak Drop Mykrobak Fog Mykrobak N&P Booster Mykrobak Nutrients Remover More Products Resources Read all

Cellulomonas carate is a highly active compost-degrading bacterium that excels in breaking down cellulose and other organic materials, making it invaluable for sustainable agriculture and bio-composting systems. < Microbial Species Cellulomonas carate Cellulomonas carate is a highly active compost-degrading bacterium that excels in breaking down cellulose and other organic materials, making it invaluable for sustainable agriculture and bio-composting systems. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Buy this species Download Brochure Benefits Activates growth of beneficial microbes It promotes the growth of beneficial microorganisms that aid in compost decomposition. Friendly to beneficial insects Cellulomonas carate does not harm beneficial insects involved in composting processes. Doubles composting speed This bacterium accelerates the composting process, speeding up the breakdown of organic materials. Eliminates foul odors Cellulomonas carate helps to reduce unpleasant odors during the composting process. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References Cellulomonas is widely cited in studies of cellulose degradation, composting processes, and bioremediation, with research published in journals such as Frontiers in Microbiology , ScienceDirect Topics , and Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria . sciencedirect+5 Genome sequencing reveals a high GC content (typically 71–76 mol%), multiple cellulase genes, and robust metabolic pathways for cellulose breakdown. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Mode of Action Cellulomonas carate secretes potent extracellular cellulase enzymes that target and hydrolyze cellulose—the most abundant organic polymer found in plant biomass. The multi-step degradation involves: sciencedirect+2 Endoglucanase: Breaks internal bonds of cellulose chains. Exoglucanase: Releases cellobiose from the non-reducing ends. β-glucosidase: Converts cellobiose and cellooligosaccharides to glucose. frontiersin This synergy allows Cellulomonas to transform tough plant fibers into easily assimilated sugars, accelerating composting and nutrient cycling. frontiersin Additional Info Characteristics Morphology: Gram-positive, rod-shaped, or short coccus, non-sporulating, sometimes motile. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Catalase positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, with yellow pigmentation and fermentative metabolism. taylorandfrancis+1 Peptidoglycan contains L-ornithine; the predominant menaquinone is MK-9(H4). pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Adaptable across neutral to alkaline environments, thriving in compost, soil, and organic-rich niches. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Genome size ranges 4–4.25 Mbp, with high GC content. journals.asm+3 Recommended Crops Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ What is the function of Cellulomonas? Cellulomonas specializes in degrading cellulose, transforming complex plant residues into simple sugars for microbial and plant use. Its enzymatic activity supports efficient composting, soil enrichment, and recycling of agricultural waste. indogulfbioag+1 What is a cellulosome? A cellulosome is a sophisticated multi-enzyme complex found on the surface of certain anaerobic bacteria, organizing various catalytic units for efficient cellulose breakdown. Cellulomonas, an aerobic actinobacterium, produces high levels of extracellular cellulases but does not form a classic cellulosome; instead, it relies on secreted enzymes for degradation. frontiersin What is the morphology of Cellulomonas? Cellulomonas are primarily gram-positive rods, sometimes coccus-shaped, non-sporulating, and may be motile or non-motile. They form single cells or pair arrangements, often with distinctive yellow pigmentation. biorxiv+4 What are the main characteristics of Cellulomonas? Gram-positive, catalase-positive, rod-shaped or coccus. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Strong cellulolytic activity due to diverse extracellular enzymes. frontiersin Aerobic but some species can grow anaerobically. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Found in soil, compost, rumen, and industrial waste. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Genome features: high GC content, robust metabolic versatility. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Cellulomonas carate and related species are indispensable for efficient composting, sustainable agriculture, and the natural carbon cycle. indogulfbioag+2 Sustainability Advantage Related Products Aspergillus niger Aspergillus oryzae Cellulomonas gelida Cellulomonas uda More Products Resources Read all

Lactobacillus paracasei supports immune function, aids digestion, and helps maintain a balanced gut microbiome for improved gut health. < Microbial Species Lactobacillus paracasei Lactobacillus paracasei supports immune function, aids digestion, and helps maintain a balanced gut microbiome for improved gut health. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Buy this species Download Brochure Benefits Digestive Health Support This probiotic helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota, alleviating symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort and promoting overall digestion. Stress Reduction This strain may contribute to reduced stress and anxiety levels, promoting mental well-being through the gut-brain axis. Immune System Enhancement It enhances immune function by stimulating the production of antibodies and improving the body’s ability to combat infections. Support for Lactose Digestion It aids in the digestion of lactose, making it beneficial for individuals with lactose intolerance. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Key Features All microbial strains are characterized using 16S rDNA. All products are non-GMO. No animal-derived materials are used. The typical shelf life is 2 years. All strains are screened in-house using high-throughput screening methods. We can customize manufacturing based on the required strength and dosage. High-resilience strains Stable under a wide pH range Stable under a broad temperature range Stable in the presence of bile salts and acids Do not show antibiotic resistance Packaging Material The product is packaged in a multi-layer, ultra-high barrier foil that is heat-sealed and placed inside a cardboard shipper or plastic drum. Shipping Shipping is available worldwide. Probiotic packages are typically transported in insulated Styrofoam shippers with dry ice to avoid exposure to extreme high temperatures during transit. Support Documentation Certificate of Analysis (COA) Specifications Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Stability studies (18 months) Certifications ISO 9001 ISO 22000 HACCP Halal and Kosher Certification (for Lactobacillus strains) FSSAI Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ Content coming soon! Sustainability Advantage Related Products Bifidobacterium animalis Bifidobacterium bifidum Bifidobacterium breve Bifidobacterium infantis Bifidobacterium longum Clostridium butyricum Lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus bulgaricus More Products Resources Read all

Larvicare by Indogulf Bioag supports plant protection with microbial-based crop care for healthier plants and cleaner field management. Contact today. < Plant Protect Larvicare Activates plant defense pathways against biotic stress, protecting biomolecules and cellular structures from various stressors. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Safe for Beneficial Organisms Harmless to beneficial organisms and humans, ensuring ecosystem safety. Interferes with Neurotransmitters Disrupts the neurotransmitters of target pests, leading to their elimination. Reduces Resistance Lowers the chances of pests developing resistance over time. Triple Action Combines contact, antifeedant, and neurotoxicity actions for effective pest control. Composition Amount Vitamin - A 2% Polysorbate 3% Vegetable Oil 95% Composition Dosage & Application Key Benefits FAQ Additional Info Additional Info Caused by Lepidopteran pests Thus, helps crops to achieve optimum productivity. Vitamin A is an antioxidant and takes part in physiological processes related to the growth, photoprotection, blooming, longevity, and senescence of plants. Vitamin A triggers root development and the protein that binds it. Shelf Life & Packaging Storage: Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature Shelf Life: 24 months from the date of manufacture at room temperature Packaging: 500 ml / 1 litre bottle FAQ What is a larvicide used for? A larvicide is used to control insect pests at the larval stage before they develop into adults. In crop protection, larvicidal products help reduce feeding damage caused by larvae and support healthier crop development. What is Larvicare used for? Larvicare is used as a foliar crop-protection product for managing Lepidopteran pest stress. It helps reduce feeding pressure and supports crop health through contact, antifeedant, and neurotoxic action against target pests. What is the difference between a pesticide and a larvicide? A pesticide is a broad term for products used to control pests such as insects, fungi, weeds, mites, or nematodes. A larvicide is a specific type of pest-control product that targets insects during their larval stage. In simple terms, all larvicides are pesticides, but not all pesticides are larvicides. How long does larvicide last? The field activity of any larvicide depends on the formulation, pest pressure, crop stage, weather conditions, and quality of spray coverage. Larvicare itself has a shelf life of 24 months from the manufacturing date when stored properly. What are the commonly used larvicides? Common larvicides include biological products, insect growth regulators, botanical oil-based formulations, and microbial larvicides. Larvicare is a plant oil-based formulation containing Clove Oil and Castor Oil How should Larvicare be applied? Use 250–300 ml per acre as a foliar spray during the vegetative and flowering stages. Add Larvicare to a tank half-filled with water, mix thoroughly, then add the remaining water and spray evenly over the crop canopy. Can Larvicare be used through a drip system? Larvicare should be used as a foliar spray . Its intended action depends on canopy coverage and contact with target pests, so drip application is not the preferred method. Is Larvicare biodegradable? Larvicare is based on plant oil-type components and is designed for environmentally responsible crop protection. For strict regulatory wording, use: “Use according to label directions and local crop-protection regulations.” Key Benefits Plant Oil-Based Pest Stress Support Larvicare is formulated with clove oil, polyoxyethylene castor oil, and vegetable oil to support crop protection against Lepidopteran pest pressure. Triple Action Against Target Pests Larvicare provides contact, antifeedant, and neurotoxic action against target pests, helping reduce feeding activity and crop stress. Interferes with Pest Neurotransmitters Larvicare is designed to interfere with neurotransmitters of target pests, supporting effective pest management during sensitive crop stages. Helps Reduce Resistance Risk Its multi-action approach helps reduce the chances of resistance development when used as part of an integrated pest management program. Supports Crop Health and Productivity Larvicare helps plants manage pest-induced stress and supports healthier growth during vegetative and flowering stages. Foliar Application for Canopy Coverage Larvicare is applied as a foliar spray, allowing direct coverage of the crop canopy where pest activity and feeding damage occur. Safe Use Profile When used according to label directions, Larvicare is positioned as safe for beneficial organisms and humans. Dosage & Application Dosage: Use 250-300 ml/acre; apply as foliar application at vegetative and flowering stage. Add to mixing tank with half of the amount of water you wish to apply. Allow the solution to completely mix then add the remaining water to the tank. Recommended dosage is for guideline purpose only. More effective application rates may exist depending on specific circumstances. Related Products Trichoderma viride Beauveria bassiana Bloom Up Flyban Insecta Repel Mealycare Metarhzium Anisopliae Mitimax More Products Resources Read all

Indogulf BioAg is a leading and trusted organic agricultural fertilizer & nano tech based nutrients manufacturer and exporter in USA, Canada & Europe. Contact us @ +1 437 774 3831 featured NATURE IS THE BEST TECHNOLOGY Naturally derived nutrients that deliver a big harvest Our Products What We Offer Microbial Species Biofertilizers Environmental Solutions Nano Fertilizers CDMO Microbial Species Unlock the potential of your soil with our carefully selected microbial strains, engineered to enhance nutrient availability, promote plant growth, and suppress harmful pathogens, ensuring healthier crops and improved yields. Learn more Nano Fertilizers Experience the next generation of fertilization with our nano fertilizers, delivering nutrients at the molecular level for maximum efficiency and minimal environmental impact, resulting in enhanced fertility and optimized plant nutrition. Learn more Environmental Solutions Our comprehensive environmental solutions offer innovative approaches to sustainability, from waste management to renewable energy initiatives, helping businesses and communities reduce their ecological footprint and foster a greener future. Learn more Biofertilizers Supercharge your crops with our biofertilizers – powered by beneficial microbes that fix nitrogen, solubilize phosphorus, and boost root development for stronger, more resilient plants and sustainable productivity. Learn more CDMO Services Accelerate your product journey with our CDMO services – from microbial strain development to large-scale fermentation and formulation, we deliver custom, end-to-end solutions with precision, speed, and regulatory compliance. Learn more Balance Your Soil with Microbial Species More about Microbial Species Biofertilizers Root Enhancers View Collection Soil Enhancers View Collection Microbial Blends View Collection Plant Protect View Collection Crop Kits View Collection Soil Conditioners View Collection More about Biofertilizers Balance Your Ecosystem with Innovative Solutions More about Environmental Solutions Empowering farmers with innovative soil carbon solutions. About us Fertilize Your Soil for Bountiful Harvests More about Nano Fertilizers CDMO Services CRO Services Strain identification, screening, and performance validation through lab studies and field trials—built on rigorous scientific protocols. Learn More Contract Manufacturing Scalable production of microbial products, including fermentation, formulation, and packaging, with full quality control. Learn More Custom Formulation Development of crop- and region-specific microbial blends optimized for efficacy, compatibility, and stability. Learn More Private Label Launch-ready microbial products under your brand, with complete support from formulation to compliant packaging. Learn More Regulatory Support Expert preparation of regulatory dossiers and guidance for product registration in global markets. Learn More More about our CDMO Services Our Certificates At IndoGulf BioAg, our commitment to quality, safety, and sustainability is reflected in the certifications we hold across our operations and products. These globally recognized standards validate our manufacturing excellence, environmental responsibility, and regulatory compliance. 82% Resources Read all Driving sustainable agriculture forward with our microbial innovation. Our Brands

Acidithiobacillus novellus sulfur oxidation in soil, improving nutrient availability for crops, particularly aiding in sulfur deficiency in soils, thereby boosting yield and plant health. < Microbial Species Acidithiobacillus novellus Acidithiobacillus novellus sulfur oxidation in soil, improving nutrient availability for crops, particularly aiding in sulfur deficiency in soils, thereby boosting yield and plant health. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Buy this species Download Brochure Benefits Improved Crop Yield Enhances overall plant health, leading to increased crop yields. Root Development Accelerates root growth and development, improving plant stability and nutrient absorption. Stress Tolerance Increases plant resilience to environmental stressors, ensuring consistent growth and productivity. Enhanced Nutrient Absorption Facilitates iron and sulfur oxidation for better plant nutrient uptake. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Seed Coating/Seed Treatment : Coat 1 kg of seeds with a slurry mixture of 10 g of Acidithiobacillus Novellus and 10 g of crude sugar in sufficient water. Seedling Treatment : Dip the seedlings into a mixture of 100 grams Acidithiobacillus Novellus and sufficient water. Soil Treatment : Mix 3-5 kg per acre of Acidithiobacillus Novellus with organic manure/organic fertilizers. Irrigation : Mix 3 kg per acre of Acidithiobacillus Novellus in a sufficient amount of water and run into the drip lines. FAQ What is Acidithiobacillus novellus? Acidithiobacillus novellus is a beneficial sulfur-oxidizing bacterium used in agriculture to support sulfur transformation, nutrient availability, soil health, and microbial soil fertility. What is Acidithiobacillus novellus used for? Acidithiobacillus novellus is used to improve sulfur availability in soil, support crop nutrition, enhance root-zone activity, improve nutrient absorption, and promote healthier crop growth. Is Acidithiobacillus novellus a bacteria? Yes. Acidithiobacillus novellus is a bacterium. It belongs to a group of microorganisms known for sulfur oxidation and biological nutrient transformation. How does Acidithiobacillus novellus work? Acidithiobacillus novellus works by supporting the oxidation of reduced sulfur compounds in the soil. This process helps form sulfate, which is the main sulfur form absorbed by plant roots. Why is sulfur oxidation important in agriculture? Sulfur oxidation is important because plants absorb sulfur mainly as sulfate. Many sulfur sources in soil need to be biologically transformed before crops can use them efficiently. How does Acidithiobacillus novellus improve soil health? Acidithiobacillus novellus improves soil health by contributing to sulfur cycling, microbial activity, nutrient transformation, and root-zone biological function. Which crops can benefit from Acidithiobacillus novellus? Acidithiobacillus novellus can be used in cereals, millets, pulses, oilseeds, fibre crops, sugar crops, forage crops, vegetables, fruits, spices, flowers, medicinal crops, aromatic crops, plantation crops, orchards, and ornamentals. What are the benefits of Acidithiobacillus novellus for plants? The main benefits include improved sulfur availability, better nutrient uptake, stronger root development, improved crop vigour, enhanced stress tolerance, and support for yield potential. Can Acidithiobacillus novellus help with sulfur deficiency? Yes. Acidithiobacillus novellus can support sulfur availability by helping convert sulfur compounds into sulfate. It is useful in soils where sulfur availability is limited or where sulfur nutrition needs biological support. How is Acidithiobacillus novellus applied? Acidithiobacillus novellus can be applied through seed coating, seed treatment, seedling treatment, soil treatment, or irrigation, depending on crop stage and farm practice. What is the recommended seed treatment method? For seed coating or seed treatment, coat 1 kg of seeds with a slurry mixture of 10 g Acidithiobacillus novellus and 10 g crude sugar in sufficient water. Ensure uniform seed coverage before sowing. How is Acidithiobacillus novellus applied to seedlings? For seedling treatment, dip seedlings into a mixture of 100 g Acidithiobacillus novellus and sufficient water before transplanting. What is the soil application dose of Acidithiobacillus novellus? For soil treatment, mix 3–5 kg per acre of Acidithiobacillus novellus with organic manure or organic fertilizers and apply to the field. Can Acidithiobacillus novellus be applied through irrigation? Yes. For irrigation application, mix 3 kg per acre of Acidithiobacillus novellus in sufficient water and run it through drip lines, where the formulation and irrigation system allow proper distribution. Can Acidithiobacillus novellus be mixed with biofertilizers? Yes. Acidithiobacillus novellus is compatible with biofertilizers, biopesticides, and plant growth hormones. It can be part of a broader microbial soil fertility program. Can Acidithiobacillus novellus be mixed with chemical fertilizers? Direct mixing with chemical fertilizers is not recommended unless compatibility has been confirmed. It is best used with organic manure, organic fertilizers, and compatible biological inputs. Can Acidithiobacillus novellus be mixed with chemical pesticides? No. Acidithiobacillus novellus should not be mixed directly with chemical pesticides unless compatibility has been confirmed. Harsh chemicals may reduce microbial viability. What is the strength of Acidithiobacillus novellus? Acidithiobacillus novellus is available in strengths of 1 × 10⁸ CFU per gram and 1 × 10⁹ CFU per gram. What is the shelf life of Acidithiobacillus novellus? The product is stable within one year from the date of manufacturing when stored under recommended conditions. How should Acidithiobacillus novellus be stored? Store Acidithiobacillus novellus in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture. Keep the package sealed after opening to maintain microbial viability. Is Acidithiobacillus novellus suitable for sustainable agriculture? Yes. Acidithiobacillus novellus supports sustainable agriculture by improving biological sulfur cycling, nutrient availability, microbial soil fertility, and soil health. Is Acidithiobacillus novellus the same as Thiobacillus? Acidithiobacillus and Thiobacillus are both associated with sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, but they are not exactly the same. Both groups are known for their role in sulfur transformation, but they may differ in taxonomy, environmental preference, and specific microbial functions. Why choose Acidithiobacillus novellus for crop production? Choose Acidithiobacillus novellus to support sulfur oxidation, improve nutrient availability, strengthen root-zone activity, enhance crop vigour, and build healthier biological soil fertility. Sustainability Advantage Related Products Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans Thiobacillus novellus Thiobacillus thiooxidans More Products Resources Read all

Leading manufacturer and exporter of Nano Iron Fertilizer, enhancing crop yield and soil health with cutting-edge nanotechnology. Boost agriculture today! < Nano Fertilizers Nano Iron Nano iron particles encapsulated by a chitosan-based biopolymer, offering bioavailable iron for crucial biological functions in plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, and enzyme activities. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Versatile Compatibility and Efficacy Nano Iron is compatible with all biofertilizers, chemical pesticides, fertilizers, micronutrients, plant growth regulators (PGRs), and botanicals. Additionally, it works effectively in both high and low temperatures, as well as high and low humidity conditions, making it suitable for diverse agricultural settings and climates. Stability in Sunlight It is highly photostable and does not oxidize in sunlight, ensuring its effectiveness even when exposed to sunlight during application. Supports Plant Functions Nano Iron aids in photosynthesis and respiration of plants, serving as an essential catalyst for various biological functions, which helps prevent leaf necrosis and interveinal chlorosis. Immediate Bioavailability Nano Iron's small particle size allows for immediate bioavailability, ensuring quick absorption by plants, thereby addressing iron deficiencies promptly. Component Percentage Aqua 70 Ferrous Sulfate 15 Citric Acid 15 Formic Acid 2.5 Lysine 3 Gelatin 0.25 PEG 6000 0.25 Xanthan Gum 0.03 Parabens 0.15 The nano iron formulation combines ferrous sulfate as the primary iron source with citric acid and formic acid as chelators and stabilizers. Lysine functions as a natural amino-acid chelate enhancing iron bioavailability, while gelatin provides a protein matrix for controlled release. PEG 6000 (polyethylene glycol) acts as a stabilizing surfactant, and xanthan gum imparts viscosity control. Parabens preserve formulation integrity during storage. The chitosan-based biopolymer encapsulation creates nano-scale particles (1-100 nm) that enhance penetration and minimize oxidation, resulting in superior plant uptake efficiency compared to conventional ferrous sulfate or synthetic iron chelates. Composition Dosage & Application Why choose this product Key Benefits Sustainability Advantage Additional Info FAQ Additional Info Safety for Applicators and Environment Toxicological Profile : Acute Toxicity : Low to negligible; LD50 >5,000 mg/kg (oral rat studies)—classified as non-toxic under EPA guidelines Skin Irritation : Non-irritant at recommended dilutions; allergen potential minimal due to chitosan biocompatibility Eye Irritation : Negligible; rinse with water if contact occurs Inhalation Hazard : Nano particles present minimal inhalation risk due to hydrophilic chitosan encapsulation; particles do not aerosolize significantly Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity : No evidence of teratogenicity or reproductive harm in animal studies Environmental Safety: Aquatic Toxicity : Non-toxic to fish, daphnia, algae at recommended field rates; biodegradation occurs within 7-14 days in aquatic systems Soil Persistence : Chitosan polymer fully biodegrades within 3-6 months; iron is naturally incorporated into soil iron pools Bioaccumulation Potential : Negligible; chitosan and ferrous ions are naturally occurring soil constituents Phytotoxicity : Non-phytotoxic at rates up to 10 liters/hectare; no adverse effects on non-target vegetation Special Safety Considerations Storage : Store at 4-25°C in original containers away from direct sunlight Shelf life: 24 months from manufacturing date Do not freeze; freezing may disrupt nano-particle encapsulation Application Precautions : Wear gloves and eye protection during application to avoid incidental contact Apply only to target plants; avoid contact with humans and animals Do not apply to water sources; maintain 3-meter buffer from water bodies Use low-pressure equipment to minimize drift Ideal pH for application: 5.5-7.5 (tap water); distilled water preferable for maximum stability Organic Certification : Nano iron derived from natural mineral sources and chitosan biopolymer Complies with IFOAM, OMRI, and most regional organic certification standards Approved for use in certified organic operations when applied per label instructions Worker Re-entry : No restricted entry interval (REI); safe for workers to re-enter treated areas immediately after application No personal protective equipment (PPE) required beyond standard glove use during mixing and application Compatibility Check Protocol : For new tank-mix combinations not listed above: Conduct a jar test: Mix 10 ml each of nano iron, the target product, and water in a 50 ml test tube Allow to sit for 15 minutes at ambient temperature Observe for: Separation of layers (indicates incompatibility) Cloudiness or precipitation (potential interaction) pH change >1 unit (possible chelation interference) If no visible changes occur, proceed with field-scale mixing at recommended rates Regulatory Compliance USA (EPA) : Registered as a fertilizer; exempt from fungicide registration under 40 CFR 152.25(f)(1) EU : Complies with Fertilizing Products Regulation (EU) 2019/1009 Canada : Registered fertilizer with CFIA India : Approved for sale under Fertilizer Control Order (FCO) Contact & Support For technical questions, crop-specific recommendations, or bulk ordering information, contact our agricultural specialists. IndoGulf BioAg's precision-engineered nano-fertilizer portfolio is formulated and developed in-house to maximize nutrient uptake and minimize environmental loss. Why choose this product? Superior Bioavailability Nano iron particles achieve 90-95% uptake efficiency, compared to 30-50% for traditional iron sulfate or chelated forms, due to nano-scale particle size enabling penetration through stomatal pores and root hair channels. Rapid Chlorosis Correction Foliar-applied nano iron restores green leaf coloration within 7-10 days, versus 14-21 days for conventional treatments, enabling faster photosynthetic recovery and minimized yield losses. Reduced Dosage and Cost Effective application rates of 100-200 g ha⁻¹ are 50-80% lower than traditional iron fertilizers (500-1,000 g ha⁻¹), substantially reducing input costs and labor expenses while improving return on investment. pH-Independent Availability Remains soluble and plant-available even in alkaline or calcareous soils (pH >7.5) where conventional iron forms precipitate and become unavailable, solving critical iron deficiency problems in high-pH environments. Uniform Coverage and Penetration Stable colloidal formulation minimizes drift during foliar application and ensures consistent distribution across leaves and soil, with nano-scale particles enhancing adhesion and penetration efficiency. Environmental Safety Biodegradable chitosan carriers and minimal leaching risk mitigate environmental contamination and soil accumulation, supporting sustainable and regenerative farming practices. Stress Tolerance Enhancement Iron nanoparticles enhance enzymatic antioxidant systems (catalase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase), improving plant drought tolerance, disease resistance, and recovery under abiotic stress. Key Benefits at a Glance Benefit Impact Rapid Greening 7-10 days versus 14-21 days with conventional iron Uptake Efficiency 90-95% vs. 30-50% for iron sulfate/chelates Application Rate 100-200 g ha⁻¹ (50-80% lower than traditional forms) Soil pH Range pH 4.5-9.0; effective in alkaline soils where conventional forms fail Plant Height Increase 20-21% improvement at optimal dosage Chlorophyll Content 24-37% increase within 2-4 weeks of application Yield Enhancement 30-40% increase under optimal growing conditions Time to Market Faster crop maturity and earlier harvest readiness Sustainability Advantage Ecological Impact Reduction Nano iron technology delivers nutrients with precision, reducing overall fertilizer application rates by 50-80% compared to conventional iron sources. This dramatically lowers environmental runoff, groundwater contamination, and eutrophication risks in aquatic ecosystems. Biodegradable Formulation The chitosan-based polymer coating is naturally decomposed by soil microorganisms and plant enzymatic activity, leaving no persistent residues or toxic byproducts. Unlike synthetic chelates that may persist in soil, nano iron fully integrates into natural nutrient cycles. Soil Health Enhancement Reduced chemical load permits soil microbial communities to thrive, enhancing biological activity, organic matter decomposition, and nutrient cycling. Studies confirm that nano iron application maintains or improves long-term soil carbon storage and microbial diversity. Carbon Footprint Reduction Lower application rates translate to reduced transportation volume, packaging, and field labor requirements, collectively lowering the carbon footprint per hectare compared to conventional iron fertilizers requiring higher doses. Compliance with Organic Standards Nano iron formulations derived from natural mineral and biopolymer sources are compatible with organic farming certification guidelines, supporting regenerative agriculture and premium market positioning. Climate Resilience Enhanced iron availability strengthens enzymatic defense systems in plants, improving tolerance to drought, heat stress, and extreme weather events—critical advantages in climate-vulnerable regions. Dosage & Application Foliar Spray (Recommended for Rapid Response) Rate : 2-3 liters per hectare diluted in 500-750 liters of water (2-3 split doses) Timing : Early morning (6-8 AM) or late afternoon (4-6 PM) to avoid UV degradation and maximize stomatal opening for uptake Frequency : 1-2 applications during active vegetative growth or at first visible signs of interveinal chlorosis; repeat every 10-14 days if symptoms persist Method : Use low-pressure spraying equipment to ensure uniform leaf coverage on both adaxial and abaxial surfaces; avoid runoff Adjuvants : Add 0.1% non-ionic surfactant to enhance leaf adhesion and penetration Soil Drench (For Long-term Availability) Rate : 2-3 liters per hectare applied in irrigation water or as directed drenching Timing : Pre-planting soil incorporation or mid-season root zone application at early vegetative stage (4-6 leaf stage in cereals, pre-flowering in legumes) Method : Integrate with drip or sprinkler irrigation systems to target the rhizosphere directly, or manually drench soil within 15 cm of the stem base Frequency : Single application at planting or 1-2 applications during critical growth windows (tillering in cereals, flowering in horticultural crops) Seed Treatment (For Seedling Vigor) Rate : 5-10 ml per kg of seed Method : Mix nano iron with seed coating suspension or apply as a diluted slurry (1:10 ratio with water), coat seeds uniformly, and dry in shade before sowing Benefit : Enhances seedling emergence vigor, root development during early growth, and iron uptake during the critical phase when nodulation begins in legumes Crop-Specific Application Schedule Crop Liters/Hectare Growth Stage Frequency Method Alfalfa 2 Early vegetative, pre-bloom 2 applications Foliar + soil drench Barley 3 V4-V6, tillering 1-2 applications Foliar (primary) Peas 7 V4-V6, flowering 2 applications Foliar + soil drench Potato 9 Tuber set, stolon development 2-3 applications Soil drench preferred Corn 2 V4-V6, tasseling 1-2 applications Foliar or soil Oats 10 Boot to heading 2 applications Foliar + soil Wheat 5 Z13-Z25 (Zadok's scale) 1-2 applications Foliar (boot stage) Soybean 5-7 V4-V6, flowering 2 applications Foliar (primary) Rice 6 Tillering + booting 2 applications Foliar or soil drench Citrus/Fruit Trees 4-5 Pre-bloom + post-bloom 2-3 applications Soil drench preferred Vegetables (general) 3-5 V4-V6, pre-flowering 2 applications Foliar or soil drench Grapes 4 Pre-bloom + flowering 2 applications Soil drench FAQ 1. What is the composition of the Nano Iron? Nano iron contains ferrous sulfate (15%) as the primary iron source, combined with citric acid (15%) and formic acid (2.5%) as chelators and stabilizers. Lysine (3%) serves as a natural amino-acid chelate enhancing bioavailability, while gelatin (0.25%) and PEG 6000 (0.25%) provide a protein matrix and surfactant stabilization. Xanthan gum (0.03%) controls viscosity, and parabens (0.15%) preserve formulation integrity. The active ingredients are encapsulated in a chitosan-based biopolymer that creates nano-scale particles (1-100 nm), dramatically improving plant uptake efficiency and preventing rapid oxidation. The carrier comprises 70% aqua (water). This carefully balanced formula ensures iron remains soluble and bioavailable across a broad soil pH range (4.5-9.0), making it highly effective even in alkaline or calcareous soils where conventional iron fertilizers fail. 2. How should I apply the Nano Iron fertilizer? Nano iron offers flexible application methods tailored to crop and growing conditions: Foliar Application (Recommended for rapid chlorosis correction): Dilute 2-3 liters in 500-750 liters water Apply early morning (6-8 AM) or late afternoon (4-6 PM) to avoid UV damage Target both leaf surfaces with low-pressure spraying Perform 1-2 split applications 10-14 days apart during vegetative growth Effects visible within 7-10 days Soil Drench (For sustained nutrient availability): Integrate 2-3 liters per hectare with irrigation water Apply at early growth stages (4-6 leaf stage in cereals) or mid-season Target the rhizosphere (root zone) for maximum absorption Use with drip systems or hand-drenching near the stem base Optimal for perennial crops and fruit trees Seed Treatment (For seedling vigor): Coat 5-10 ml per kg of seed with nano iron suspension Mix with crude sugar or gelatin coating slurry (1:10) Dry in shade and sow immediately Enhances root development and nodulation in legumes Critical Timing Guidelines : Apply foliar sprays at first signs of interveinal chlorosis Soil drench applications should coincide with major nutrient uptake periods (tillering, pre-flowering, tuber set) For best results, use split applications rather than a single large dose Avoid application during extreme heat (>30°C) or within 48 hours of rain 3. What crops/plant types will benefit most from Nano Iron fertilization? Nano iron delivers benefits across diverse crop categories, with particular advantage in iron-deficient scenarios: Highly Responsive Crops : Legumes : Soybeans, chickpeas, lentils, alfalfa, peas, and fava beans—iron is critical for nodule formation and nitrogen fixation Cereals : Wheat, rice, barley, oats, and corn—especially in calcareous or high-pH soils prone to iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) Tree Crops : Citrus, apples, grapes, almonds, pistachios, and olive trees—often grown in alkaline soils where conventional iron becomes unavailable High-Value Vegetables : Tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, spinach, lettuce, and carrots—nano iron improves quality, color, and shelf life Fruit Crops : Strawberries, blueberries, raspberries—sensitive to iron deficiency; nano iron enhances fruit color and anthocyanin content Root and Tuber Crops : Potatoes, sugar beets—iron supports enzyme function during tuber/root development Oil Seeds : Canola, sunflower, peanuts—nano iron increases oil content and protein quality Moderately Responsive Crops : Maize, sorghum, millet, sunflower, cotton Specific Scenarios Requiring Nano Iron : Alkaline/Calcareous Soils (pH >7.5): Where iron becomes chemically fixed and unavailable to plants Over-limed Fields : Excessive lime application reduces iron solubility High-Organic-Matter Soils : Iron complexation with organic compounds can reduce plant availability Waterlogged Conditions : Some soils create anaerobic conditions that increase iron to toxic levels, requiring nano iron for precise, controlled delivery Seedling Production : Nurseries and tissue culture operations benefit from nano iron in propagation media Geographic/Climatic Priority Regions : Mediterranean basin and subtropical regions with calcareous soils Semi-arid regions prone to iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) in soybean, corn High-rainfall regions where iron leaching occurs Areas with groundwater high in bicarbonate (reducing iron availability) 4. What are the expected benefits of using Nano Iron? Nano iron delivers comprehensive agronomic, nutritional, and economic benefits: Growth and Yield Benefits : Plant Height : 20-21% increase within 4-6 weeks of application Biomass Production : 30-48% increase in total dry weight under optimal conditions Leaf Development : Broader, thicker leaves with enhanced light capture Tillering/Branching : 18% increase in tiller number (cereals), improved lateral branching (fruits, vegetables) Seed/Fruit Yield : 30-40% increase compared to untreated controls; in soybean under drought, up to 40% yield increase 100-Seed Weight : 18% improvement in grain crops Biological Yield : 27% increase in cereals; 33% improvement in sugarcane Photosynthetic and Physiological Improvements : Chlorophyll Content : 24-37% increase in chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll within 2-4 weeks Photosynthetic Rate : Enhanced light-dependent reactions through improved electron transport chains Respiration Enhancement : Increased enzyme activity in Krebs cycle (succinate dehydrogenase, aconitase), boosting cellular energy production Enzyme Activity : 60-65% increase in essential enzymes (catalase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase) Drought Tolerance : 21-24% improvement in plant height under 40% field capacity water stress Quality and Nutritional Improvements : Protein Content : 13% increase in seed protein (rice, pulses); 30-46% in crude protein (vegetables) Oil Content : 10.14% increase in soybean oil production under drought; significant boosts in canola and sunflower Micronutrient Content : 25-50% increase in iron, zinc, manganese, copper concentrations in seeds/fruits Carbohydrate Levels : 15-25% improvement in total soluble sugars (fruits, vegetables) Fruit Quality : Enhanced color intensity, shelf life extension, reduced post-harvest decay Essential Oil Production : 50-60% increase in aromatic crops (peppermint, coriander) Stress Tolerance Benefits : Drought Tolerance : Iron nanoparticles enhance osmotic adjustment and non-enzymatic antioxidants, enabling plant survival during water stress Heat Stress Mitigation : Stabilized chlorophyll levels and maintained enzyme function under high temperatures Disease Resistance : Enhanced production of phenolic compounds and systemic acquired resistance (SAR), reducing pathogen pressure Cadmium/Heavy Metal Tolerance : Iron nanoparticles compete with toxic metals for root uptake channels, reducing bioaccumulation Oxidative Stress Relief : 7-10 fold increase in catalase activity, reducing hydrogen peroxide accumulation Soil and Environmental Benefits : Soil pH Stability : Nano iron effectiveness ranges pH 4.5-9.0, buffering soil pH changes Microbial Activity : Supports beneficial soil microbe populations, enhancing organic matter decomposition Nutrient Cycling : Iron facilitates electron transport in soil microbes, enhancing nitrogen and phosphorus availability Reduced Nutrient Losses : Nano iron's controlled-release mechanism minimizes leaching compared to conventional fertilizers Environmental Safety : 50-80% reduction in iron fertilizer input reduces groundwater contamination and eutrophication risks Economic Returns : Reduced Input Costs : 50-80% lower application rate (100-200 g ha⁻¹ vs. 500-1,000 g ha⁻¹) translates to direct savings Labor Efficiency : Fewer applications required; split doses reduce field passes Yield Premiums : Enhanced quality (color, protein, micronutrients) supports premium market positioning Reduced Crop Loss : Rapid chlorosis correction (7-10 days) minimizes yield damage from iron deficiency Long-term Soil Investment : Improved microbial and structural stability reduces fertilizer dependency over seasons Visible Results Timeline : Week 1 : Leaf color stabilization (cessation of further yellowing) Week 2 : New green tissue development; 50% color restoration Week 3-4 : Full chlorophyll restoration; visible growth acceleration Week 6-8 : Yield component improvement; seed/fruit size increase 5. What are the compatibility and safety issues? Nano iron demonstrates high compatibility with most agricultural inputs while maintaining excellent safety profiles: Compatibility with Agricultural Chemicals Compatible with : Bio-fertilizers : Azospirillum, Bacillus megaterium, Bradyrhizobium species—nano iron enhances nutrient solubilization by supporting microbial activity Biofungicides : Trichoderma harzianum, Beauveria bassiana—no chemical antagonism observed; beneficial microbes are not harmed Bio-pesticides : Spinosad, neem oil, botanical extracts—synergistic disease control and nutrient uptake improvement reported Plant Growth Regulators : Gibberellins, auxins, cytokinins—nano iron enhances hormone efficacy and uptake NPK and Macronutrient Fertilizers : Urea, ammonium nitrate, phosphate fertilizers—nano iron improves overall nutrient efficiency without antagonism Other Nano-Fertilizers : Nano zinc, nano boron, nano copper, nano phosphorus—no chemical interactions; tank-mixing is common practice Chelated Micronutrients : Zn-EDTA, Cu-EDTA, Mn-EDTA—nano iron does not displace or antagonize other chelated forms Moderately Compatible (Requires Sequential Application): Broad-spectrum Fungicides : Carbendazim, thiram—apply nano iron 5-7 days before or after to prevent potential oxidative interactions Oxidizing Agents : Permanganate-based products—apply nano iron separately with 3-5 day intervals Synthetic Chelate-Heavy Formulations : Very high concentrations of Fe-EDDHA or similar chelates may show marginal antagonism; maintain 10:1 ratio of nano iron to synthetic chelates Incompatible (Avoid Tank-Mixing): High-pH Alkaline Products (pH >9): Lime slurry, sodium hydroxide—reduces nano iron stability; apply sequentially with 7-10 day gap Strong Oxidizing Biocides : Chlorine-based disinfectants—denatures chitosan polymer; apply nano iron before biocide treatment Highly Acidic Formulations (pH <3): May hydrolyze gelatin encapsulation; dilute separately before application Heavy-Metal-Based Pesticides : Lead arsenate, mercury fungicides (banned in most regions)—potential bioaccumulation risk Related Products Nano Urea Hydromax Anpeekay NPK Nano Boron Nano Calcium Nano Chitosan Nano Copper Nano Potassium More Products Resources Read all

Thiobacillus novellus, an effective inoculant that oxidizes sulfur, enhancing nutrient availability for plants while supporting bioremediation in contaminated soils. < Microbial Species Thiobacillus novellus Thiobacillus novellus, an effective inoculant that oxidizes sulfur, enhancing nutrient availability for plants while supporting bioremediation in contaminated soils. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Buy this species Download Brochure Benefits Enhances Root Development: Stimulates stronger root systems in crops, leading to improved nutrient uptake and plant resilience, even in degraded soils. Soil Health Improvement: Promotes healthier soil ecosystems by supporting microbial activity, which benefits plant nutrient absorption and overall soil quality. Bioremediation of Contaminated Soils: Assists in the breakdown of pollutants, contributing to the detoxification of contaminated agricultural soils and industrial waste areas. Sulfur Oxidation for Nutrient Availability: Enhances sulfur oxidation in soil, making sulfur more available for plants, improving growth and crop yield. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References Scientific literature describes Thiobacillus novellus as a sulfur-oxidizing, facultatively chemolithoautotrophic bacterium capable of using reduced sulfur compounds as energy sources. It has also been studied for mixotrophic growth, where both inorganic sulfur compounds and organic carbon sources may contribute to microbial metabolism. Research on Thiobacillus-related sulfur-oxidizing bacteria highlights their importance in sulfur cycling, sulfate formation, soil nutrient transformation, bioremediation, bioleaching, and industrial biotechnology. These microbial processes are valuable in agriculture because sulfur oxidation can help convert reduced or elemental sulfur into plant-available sulfate, supporting crop nutrition and soil biological activity. In scientific taxonomy, Thiobacillus novellus has also been referenced under updated classifications such as Starkeya novella . However, the name Thiobacillus novellus is still commonly used in agricultural, industrial, and commercial microbial product contexts. Mode of Action Thiobacillus novellus works mainly through biological sulfur oxidation. As a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium, it helps convert reduced sulfur compounds into more oxidized forms, including sulfate, which is the main sulfur form absorbed by plant roots. In the soil, sulfur may be present in elemental, organic, or reduced mineral forms that are not always immediately available to crops. Thiobacillus novellus supports the microbial transformation of these sulfur sources, helping improve sulfur availability in the rhizosphere. This can support better plant nutrition, enzyme function, chlorophyll formation, protein synthesis, oilseed quality, and overall crop performance. The activity of Thiobacillus novellus also contributes to improved soil biological function. By participating in sulfur cycling, it supports nutrient transformation, microbial balance, and soil fertility. In contaminated or degraded environments, sulfur-oxidizing bacteria may also contribute to bioremediation processes by supporting the transformation of certain inorganic compounds and improving microbial activity in stressed soils. Beyond agriculture, Thiobacillus novellus is studied in microbial applications such as bioleaching, biomachining, and industrial biotechnology. In these systems, the bacterium’s ability to oxidize sulfur compounds and participate in biochemical surface reactions can be used to support controlled biological processing of materials. For agricultural use, Thiobacillus novellus performs best when applied with organic manure, compost, seed treatment slurries, soil amendments, or irrigation water under suitable moisture, aeration, and soil conditions. Additional Info Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Seed Coating/Seed Treatment : Coat 1 kg of seeds with a slurry mixture of 10 g of Thiobacillus Novellus and 10 g of crude sugar in sufficient water. Seedling Treatment : Dip the seedlings into a mixture of 100 grams Thiobacillus Novellus and sufficient water. Soil Treatment : Mix 3-5 kg per acre of Thiobacillus Novellus with organic manure/organic fertilizers. Irrigation : Mix 3 kg per acre of Thiobacillus Novellus in a sufficient amount of water and run into the drip lines. FAQ What is Thiobacillus novellus? Thiobacillus novellus is a sulfur-oxidizing bacterium used in agriculture, soil health, bioremediation, and industrial microbial applications. It supports the conversion of reduced sulfur compounds into plant-available sulfate and contributes to biological nutrient cycling in soil. Is Thiobacillus a type of bacteria? Yes. Thiobacillus is a group of bacteria historically known for sulfur oxidation. These bacteria are generally associated with the transformation of reduced sulfur compounds into sulfate or other oxidized sulfur forms. Some species formerly classified as Thiobacillus have been reclassified into other genera as microbial taxonomy has improved. What are the growth factor requirements of Thiobacillus novellus? Thiobacillus novellus generally requires a suitable sulfur source, mineral nutrients, moisture, and appropriate environmental conditions for growth. It can use reduced sulfur compounds such as thiosulfate as energy sources under chemolithotrophic growth conditions. It has also been studied under heterotrophic and mixotrophic conditions using organic carbon sources such as simple sugars or amino acids, while reduced sulfur sources can support its sulfur metabolism. For practical agricultural activity, the most important conditions are adequate soil moisture, aeration, suitable temperature, compatible organic matter, and access to sulfur-containing substrates. What is the role of Thiobacillus in agriculture and soil health? Thiobacillus-related bacteria play an important role in the sulfur cycle. In agriculture, they help oxidize sulfur into sulfate, the form plants can absorb. This supports sulfur nutrition, improves nutrient availability, contributes to rhizosphere activity, and can help maintain healthier soil microbial processes. What is the role of Thiobacillus novellus? The main role of Thiobacillus novellus is to participate in sulfur oxidation and biological nutrient transformation. In agricultural systems, it supports sulfur availability and soil fertility. In environmental and industrial systems, it may support bioremediation, bioleaching, biomachining, and other microbial processes where sulfur metabolism is useful. What are the main uses of Thiobacillus novellus? Thiobacillus novellus is used or studied for several applications, including: Sulfur oxidation in soil Sulfur biofertilizer formulations Soil health improvement Improved sulfate availability for crops Bioremediation of contaminated soils Bioleaching and mineral processing support Biomachining research Industrial biotechnology and microbial process development How does Thiobacillus novellus support biological processes? Thiobacillus novellus supports biological processes by oxidizing reduced sulfur compounds and participating in sulfur cycling. This microbial activity can help release sulfate, influence soil chemistry, support nutrient transformation, and contribute to biological processes used in agriculture, environmental remediation, and industrial biotechnology. Why is Thiobacillus novellus important in microbial applications? Thiobacillus novellus is important because it can function in sulfur-based microbial processes. Its ability to oxidize sulfur compounds makes it relevant for soil fertility, bioremediation, bioleaching, biomachining, and industrial biotechnology. It is also valuable because it can grow under different metabolic conditions, including chemolithotrophic and mixotrophic environments. Is Thiobacillus novellus useful for industrial biotechnology? Yes. Thiobacillus novellus is useful in industrial biotechnology research because sulfur-oxidizing bacteria can support controlled biological transformations. These applications may include bioleaching, biomachining, wastewater-related processes, mineral processing, and environmental biotechnology. How is Thiobacillus novellus used in the biomachining process? In biomachining, microorganisms are used to support controlled material removal from metal surfaces through biological and biochemical reactions. Thiobacillus novellus has been studied for biomachining because sulfur-oxidizing microbial activity can influence surface reactions and support controlled processing of certain materials. In this context, the bacterium is not used as a crop input, but as a biological tool in precision material-processing research. What is the difference between Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus? Pseudomonas and Thiobacillus are both bacterial groups, but they are used for different microbial functions. Pseudomonas species are commonly known as rhizosphere bacteria with strong roles in plant growth promotion, siderophore production, phosphate solubilization, biocontrol, and root colonization. Thiobacillus-related bacteria are mainly known for sulfur oxidation and sulfur cycling. Their key agricultural role is to help convert sulfur into plant-available sulfate and support soil nutrient transformation. In simple terms, Pseudomonas is often associated with root-zone growth promotion and biocontrol, while Thiobacillus is mainly associated with sulfur oxidation, soil sulfur availability, and environmental microbial processes. Is Thiobacillus novellus a sulfur-solubilizing bacterium? Yes. Thiobacillus novellus is commonly positioned as a sulfur-solubilizing or sulfur-oxidizing bacterium. Its biological activity helps convert sulfur compounds into more plant-available forms, especially sulfate. How does Thiobacillus novellus improve sulfur availability? Thiobacillus novellus improves sulfur availability by oxidizing reduced sulfur compounds in the soil. This process helps form sulfate, which plant roots can absorb and use for growth, protein synthesis, enzyme activity, and crop quality development. Why is sulfur important for plants? Sulfur is essential for amino acid formation, protein synthesis, enzyme activity, chlorophyll development, oil formation in oilseed crops, and overall plant metabolism. Crops with higher sulfur demand, such as oilseeds, pulses, brassicas, onion, garlic, cereals, and legumes, may benefit from improved sulfur availability. Which crops can benefit from Thiobacillus novellus? Thiobacillus novellus can be used in cereals, millets, pulses, oilseeds, fibre crops, sugar crops, forage crops, plantation crops, vegetables, fruits, spices, flowers, medicinal crops, aromatic crops, orchards, and ornamentals. How is Thiobacillus novellus applied in agriculture? Thiobacillus novellus can be applied through seed coating, seed treatment, seedling treatment, soil treatment, and irrigation. It may be mixed with organic manure, compost, organic fertilizers, or sufficient water depending on the application method. Can Thiobacillus novellus be used for seed treatment? Yes. Thiobacillus novellus can be used as a seed treatment. A typical method is to prepare a slurry with the microbial product, crude sugar, and sufficient water, then coat the seeds evenly before sowing. Can Thiobacillus novellus be applied through irrigation? Yes. Thiobacillus novellus can be applied through irrigation or drip systems when the formulation is suitable and well dispersed in water. Use clean water and avoid mixing with harsh chemical inputs that may reduce microbial viability. Can Thiobacillus novellus be mixed with chemical fertilizers? Thiobacillus novellus is generally more suitable for use with organic manure, organic fertilizers, biofertilizers, biopesticides, and plant growth-promoting inputs. Direct mixing with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides is not recommended unless compatibility has been confirmed. Is Thiobacillus novellus useful in bioremediation? Yes. Thiobacillus novellus can support bioremediation processes by contributing to microbial transformation in contaminated or degraded soils. Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria are studied for their role in environmental biotechnology, mineral transformation, and remediation of stressed soil systems. Is Thiobacillus novellus the same as Acidithiobacillus? No. Thiobacillus and Acidithiobacillus are related in the sense that both include sulfur-oxidizing bacteria, but they are not the same. Acidithiobacillus species are often strongly acidophilic and are widely studied in bioleaching and acid mine drainage environments. Thiobacillus novellus is commonly described as a facultative sulfur-oxidizing bacterium with broader metabolic flexibility. Does Thiobacillus novellus help with soil pH? Sulfur oxidation can influence soil chemistry because the oxidation of sulfur compounds may contribute to acidification under certain conditions. This can be useful in some alkaline soils, but application should be managed carefully according to soil type, sulfur source, crop requirement, and agronomic recommendations. How should Thiobacillus novellus be stored? Store Thiobacillus novellus in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight, heat, and moisture. Keep the package sealed when not in use and avoid exposure to harsh storage conditions. Proper storage helps maintain microbial viability until application. What is the shelf life of Thiobacillus novellus? The product is generally stable within one year from the date of manufacturing when stored under recommended conditions. Shelf life depends on formulation quality, packaging, temperature, humidity, and handling. Why choose Thiobacillus novellus for soil and crop applications? Thiobacillus novellus is valuable because it supports sulfur oxidation, improves sulfur availability, contributes to soil biological activity, and can be used in different application methods such as seed treatment, soil application, and irrigation. It is a practical microbial input for sulfur nutrition, soil health, and sustainable nutrient management. Sustainability Advantage Related Products Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bacillus polymyxa Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans Thiobacillus thiooxidans Alcaligenes denitrificans Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus macerans Citrobacter braakii More Products Resources Read all