Leading manufacturer & exporter of OxyMax, innovative environmental solutions for improved soil health and sustainable agriculture. < Environmental Solutions Oxymax Oxygen-releasing formulation with ingredients to boost microbial activity, reduce pathogens, and stabilize nutrients. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Reduces Pathogenic Load Decreases the presence of harmful pathogens in slaughter blood. Improves Nutrient Stability Stabilizes the nutrient composition of blood-derived fertilizers over time. Enhances Organic Matter Decomposition Supports sustainable agricultural practices by enhancing organic material breakdown. Stimulates Aerobic Microbial Activity Facilitates efficient decomposition of organic matter in blood. Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info FAQ Composition Components Calcium Peroxide Sodium Perborate Coated Sodium Percarbonate Potassium Mono Persulfate Triple Salt EDTA Titanium Di Oxide and Other Suitable Stabilizers Dosage & Application Treatment Process: Blood Collection: Blood is collected in a hygienic manner from the slaughterhouse. Application of Ag Protect: Ag Protect is applied at 1000 ppm @ 10 ml/kg of blood before boiling to control flies, neutralize odors, and eliminate pathogens. Nano Chitosan Addition: After boiling and cooling, 1 liter of Nano Chitosan is added per metric ton (MT) of blood to enhance antimicrobial properties and improve fertilizer quality. Oxymax Application: Post-boiling and cooling, 250 g of Oxymax is added per MT of blood to stimulate aerobic microbial activity, reduce pathogens, and stabilize nutrients. Microbial Blend Addition: After a week, Microbial Blend ( Blood Pro ), containing 3 billion CFU/g in dextrose, is added at 2 kg per ton of blood. It enhances decomposition, improves biological oxygen demand, and transforms blood into a high-quality fertilizer. Additional Info How Our Treatment Works Fly and Maggot Control: Ag Protect and Oxymax effectively eliminate flies and maggots that accumulate in slaughter blood. Odor Neutralization: Ag Protect neutralizes unpleasant odors emitted by the blood. Pathogen Elimination: Ag Protect , Nano Chitosan , and the Microbial Blend work together to eliminate pathogenic organisms present in slaughter blood. Biological Oxygen Demand Improvement: The Microbial Blend enhances biological oxygen demand during the decomposition process, optimizing organic matter breakdown. Fertilizer Enhancement: Overall, our treatment decomposes blood efficiently, improving its properties as a valuable fertilizer for agricultural use. FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Ag Protect Microbial Blend (Blood Pro) Nano Chitosan More Products Resources Read all

Leading manufacturer and exporter of Nano Iron Fertilizer, enhancing crop yield and soil health with cutting-edge nanotechnology. Boost agriculture today! < Nano Fertilizers Nano Iron Nano iron particles encapsulated by a chitosan-based biopolymer, offering bioavailable iron for crucial biological functions in plants, such as photosynthesis, respiration, and enzyme activities. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Versatile Compatibility and Efficacy Nano Iron is compatible with all biofertilizers, chemical pesticides, fertilizers, micronutrients, plant growth regulators (PGRs), and botanicals. Additionally, it works effectively in both high and low temperatures, as well as high and low humidity conditions, making it suitable for diverse agricultural settings and climates. Stability in Sunlight It is highly photostable and does not oxidize in sunlight, ensuring its effectiveness even when exposed to sunlight during application. Supports Plant Functions Nano Iron aids in photosynthesis and respiration of plants, serving as an essential catalyst for various biological functions, which helps prevent leaf necrosis and interveinal chlorosis. Immediate Bioavailability Nano Iron's small particle size allows for immediate bioavailability, ensuring quick absorption by plants, thereby addressing iron deficiencies promptly. Component Percentage Aqua 70 Ferrous Sulfate 15 Citric Acid 15 Formic Acid 2.5 Lysine 3 Gelatin 0.25 PEG 6000 0.25 Xanthan Gum 0.03 Parabens 0.15 The nano iron formulation combines ferrous sulfate as the primary iron source with citric acid and formic acid as chelators and stabilizers. Lysine functions as a natural amino-acid chelate enhancing iron bioavailability, while gelatin provides a protein matrix for controlled release. PEG 6000 (polyethylene glycol) acts as a stabilizing surfactant, and xanthan gum imparts viscosity control. Parabens preserve formulation integrity during storage. The chitosan-based biopolymer encapsulation creates nano-scale particles (1-100 nm) that enhance penetration and minimize oxidation, resulting in superior plant uptake efficiency compared to conventional ferrous sulfate or synthetic iron chelates. Composition Dosage & Application Why choose this product Key Benefits Sustainability Advantage Additional Info FAQ Additional Info Safety for Applicators and Environment Toxicological Profile : Acute Toxicity : Low to negligible; LD50 >5,000 mg/kg (oral rat studies)—classified as non-toxic under EPA guidelines Skin Irritation : Non-irritant at recommended dilutions; allergen potential minimal due to chitosan biocompatibility Eye Irritation : Negligible; rinse with water if contact occurs Inhalation Hazard : Nano particles present minimal inhalation risk due to hydrophilic chitosan encapsulation; particles do not aerosolize significantly Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity : No evidence of teratogenicity or reproductive harm in animal studies Environmental Safety: Aquatic Toxicity : Non-toxic to fish, daphnia, algae at recommended field rates; biodegradation occurs within 7-14 days in aquatic systems Soil Persistence : Chitosan polymer fully biodegrades within 3-6 months; iron is naturally incorporated into soil iron pools Bioaccumulation Potential : Negligible; chitosan and ferrous ions are naturally occurring soil constituents Phytotoxicity : Non-phytotoxic at rates up to 10 liters/hectare; no adverse effects on non-target vegetation Special Safety Considerations Storage : Store at 4-25°C in original containers away from direct sunlight Shelf life: 24 months from manufacturing date Do not freeze; freezing may disrupt nano-particle encapsulation Application Precautions : Wear gloves and eye protection during application to avoid incidental contact Apply only to target plants; avoid contact with humans and animals Do not apply to water sources; maintain 3-meter buffer from water bodies Use low-pressure equipment to minimize drift Ideal pH for application: 5.5-7.5 (tap water); distilled water preferable for maximum stability Organic Certification : Nano iron derived from natural mineral sources and chitosan biopolymer Complies with IFOAM, OMRI, and most regional organic certification standards Approved for use in certified organic operations when applied per label instructions Worker Re-entry : No restricted entry interval (REI); safe for workers to re-enter treated areas immediately after application No personal protective equipment (PPE) required beyond standard glove use during mixing and application Compatibility Check Protocol : For new tank-mix combinations not listed above: Conduct a jar test: Mix 10 ml each of nano iron, the target product, and water in a 50 ml test tube Allow to sit for 15 minutes at ambient temperature Observe for: Separation of layers (indicates incompatibility) Cloudiness or precipitation (potential interaction) pH change >1 unit (possible chelation interference) If no visible changes occur, proceed with field-scale mixing at recommended rates Regulatory Compliance USA (EPA) : Registered as a fertilizer; exempt from fungicide registration under 40 CFR 152.25(f)(1) EU : Complies with Fertilizing Products Regulation (EU) 2019/1009 Canada : Registered fertilizer with CFIA India : Approved for sale under Fertilizer Control Order (FCO) Contact & Support For technical questions, crop-specific recommendations, or bulk ordering information, contact our agricultural specialists. IndoGulf BioAg's precision-engineered nano-fertilizer portfolio is formulated and developed in-house to maximize nutrient uptake and minimize environmental loss. Why choose this product? Superior Bioavailability Nano iron particles achieve 90-95% uptake efficiency, compared to 30-50% for traditional iron sulfate or chelated forms, due to nano-scale particle size enabling penetration through stomatal pores and root hair channels. Rapid Chlorosis Correction Foliar-applied nano iron restores green leaf coloration within 7-10 days, versus 14-21 days for conventional treatments, enabling faster photosynthetic recovery and minimized yield losses. Reduced Dosage and Cost Effective application rates of 100-200 g ha⁻¹ are 50-80% lower than traditional iron fertilizers (500-1,000 g ha⁻¹), substantially reducing input costs and labor expenses while improving return on investment. pH-Independent Availability Remains soluble and plant-available even in alkaline or calcareous soils (pH >7.5) where conventional iron forms precipitate and become unavailable, solving critical iron deficiency problems in high-pH environments. Uniform Coverage and Penetration Stable colloidal formulation minimizes drift during foliar application and ensures consistent distribution across leaves and soil, with nano-scale particles enhancing adhesion and penetration efficiency. Environmental Safety Biodegradable chitosan carriers and minimal leaching risk mitigate environmental contamination and soil accumulation, supporting sustainable and regenerative farming practices. Stress Tolerance Enhancement Iron nanoparticles enhance enzymatic antioxidant systems (catalase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase), improving plant drought tolerance, disease resistance, and recovery under abiotic stress. Key Benefits at a Glance Benefit Impact Rapid Greening 7-10 days versus 14-21 days with conventional iron Uptake Efficiency 90-95% vs. 30-50% for iron sulfate/chelates Application Rate 100-200 g ha⁻¹ (50-80% lower than traditional forms) Soil pH Range pH 4.5-9.0; effective in alkaline soils where conventional forms fail Plant Height Increase 20-21% improvement at optimal dosage Chlorophyll Content 24-37% increase within 2-4 weeks of application Yield Enhancement 30-40% increase under optimal growing conditions Time to Market Faster crop maturity and earlier harvest readiness Sustainability Advantage Ecological Impact Reduction Nano iron technology delivers nutrients with precision, reducing overall fertilizer application rates by 50-80% compared to conventional iron sources. This dramatically lowers environmental runoff, groundwater contamination, and eutrophication risks in aquatic ecosystems. Biodegradable Formulation The chitosan-based polymer coating is naturally decomposed by soil microorganisms and plant enzymatic activity, leaving no persistent residues or toxic byproducts. Unlike synthetic chelates that may persist in soil, nano iron fully integrates into natural nutrient cycles. Soil Health Enhancement Reduced chemical load permits soil microbial communities to thrive, enhancing biological activity, organic matter decomposition, and nutrient cycling. Studies confirm that nano iron application maintains or improves long-term soil carbon storage and microbial diversity. Carbon Footprint Reduction Lower application rates translate to reduced transportation volume, packaging, and field labor requirements, collectively lowering the carbon footprint per hectare compared to conventional iron fertilizers requiring higher doses. Compliance with Organic Standards Nano iron formulations derived from natural mineral and biopolymer sources are compatible with organic farming certification guidelines, supporting regenerative agriculture and premium market positioning. Climate Resilience Enhanced iron availability strengthens enzymatic defense systems in plants, improving tolerance to drought, heat stress, and extreme weather events—critical advantages in climate-vulnerable regions. Dosage & Application Foliar Spray (Recommended for Rapid Response) Rate : 2-3 liters per hectare diluted in 500-750 liters of water (2-3 split doses) Timing : Early morning (6-8 AM) or late afternoon (4-6 PM) to avoid UV degradation and maximize stomatal opening for uptake Frequency : 1-2 applications during active vegetative growth or at first visible signs of interveinal chlorosis; repeat every 10-14 days if symptoms persist Method : Use low-pressure spraying equipment to ensure uniform leaf coverage on both adaxial and abaxial surfaces; avoid runoff Adjuvants : Add 0.1% non-ionic surfactant to enhance leaf adhesion and penetration Soil Drench (For Long-term Availability) Rate : 2-3 liters per hectare applied in irrigation water or as directed drenching Timing : Pre-planting soil incorporation or mid-season root zone application at early vegetative stage (4-6 leaf stage in cereals, pre-flowering in legumes) Method : Integrate with drip or sprinkler irrigation systems to target the rhizosphere directly, or manually drench soil within 15 cm of the stem base Frequency : Single application at planting or 1-2 applications during critical growth windows (tillering in cereals, flowering in horticultural crops) Seed Treatment (For Seedling Vigor) Rate : 5-10 ml per kg of seed Method : Mix nano iron with seed coating suspension or apply as a diluted slurry (1:10 ratio with water), coat seeds uniformly, and dry in shade before sowing Benefit : Enhances seedling emergence vigor, root development during early growth, and iron uptake during the critical phase when nodulation begins in legumes Crop-Specific Application Schedule Crop Liters/Hectare Growth Stage Frequency Method Alfalfa 2 Early vegetative, pre-bloom 2 applications Foliar + soil drench Barley 3 V4-V6, tillering 1-2 applications Foliar (primary) Peas 7 V4-V6, flowering 2 applications Foliar + soil drench Potato 9 Tuber set, stolon development 2-3 applications Soil drench preferred Corn 2 V4-V6, tasseling 1-2 applications Foliar or soil Oats 10 Boot to heading 2 applications Foliar + soil Wheat 5 Z13-Z25 (Zadok's scale) 1-2 applications Foliar (boot stage) Soybean 5-7 V4-V6, flowering 2 applications Foliar (primary) Rice 6 Tillering + booting 2 applications Foliar or soil drench Citrus/Fruit Trees 4-5 Pre-bloom + post-bloom 2-3 applications Soil drench preferred Vegetables (general) 3-5 V4-V6, pre-flowering 2 applications Foliar or soil drench Grapes 4 Pre-bloom + flowering 2 applications Soil drench FAQ 1. What is the composition of the Nano Iron? Nano iron contains ferrous sulfate (15%) as the primary iron source, combined with citric acid (15%) and formic acid (2.5%) as chelators and stabilizers. Lysine (3%) serves as a natural amino-acid chelate enhancing bioavailability, while gelatin (0.25%) and PEG 6000 (0.25%) provide a protein matrix and surfactant stabilization. Xanthan gum (0.03%) controls viscosity, and parabens (0.15%) preserve formulation integrity. The active ingredients are encapsulated in a chitosan-based biopolymer that creates nano-scale particles (1-100 nm), dramatically improving plant uptake efficiency and preventing rapid oxidation. The carrier comprises 70% aqua (water). This carefully balanced formula ensures iron remains soluble and bioavailable across a broad soil pH range (4.5-9.0), making it highly effective even in alkaline or calcareous soils where conventional iron fertilizers fail. 2. How should I apply the Nano Iron fertilizer? Nano iron offers flexible application methods tailored to crop and growing conditions: Foliar Application (Recommended for rapid chlorosis correction): Dilute 2-3 liters in 500-750 liters water Apply early morning (6-8 AM) or late afternoon (4-6 PM) to avoid UV damage Target both leaf surfaces with low-pressure spraying Perform 1-2 split applications 10-14 days apart during vegetative growth Effects visible within 7-10 days Soil Drench (For sustained nutrient availability): Integrate 2-3 liters per hectare with irrigation water Apply at early growth stages (4-6 leaf stage in cereals) or mid-season Target the rhizosphere (root zone) for maximum absorption Use with drip systems or hand-drenching near the stem base Optimal for perennial crops and fruit trees Seed Treatment (For seedling vigor): Coat 5-10 ml per kg of seed with nano iron suspension Mix with crude sugar or gelatin coating slurry (1:10) Dry in shade and sow immediately Enhances root development and nodulation in legumes Critical Timing Guidelines : Apply foliar sprays at first signs of interveinal chlorosis Soil drench applications should coincide with major nutrient uptake periods (tillering, pre-flowering, tuber set) For best results, use split applications rather than a single large dose Avoid application during extreme heat (>30°C) or within 48 hours of rain 3. What crops/plant types will benefit most from Nano Iron fertilization? Nano iron delivers benefits across diverse crop categories, with particular advantage in iron-deficient scenarios: Highly Responsive Crops : Legumes : Soybeans, chickpeas, lentils, alfalfa, peas, and fava beans—iron is critical for nodule formation and nitrogen fixation Cereals : Wheat, rice, barley, oats, and corn—especially in calcareous or high-pH soils prone to iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) Tree Crops : Citrus, apples, grapes, almonds, pistachios, and olive trees—often grown in alkaline soils where conventional iron becomes unavailable High-Value Vegetables : Tomatoes, peppers, cucumbers, spinach, lettuce, and carrots—nano iron improves quality, color, and shelf life Fruit Crops : Strawberries, blueberries, raspberries—sensitive to iron deficiency; nano iron enhances fruit color and anthocyanin content Root and Tuber Crops : Potatoes, sugar beets—iron supports enzyme function during tuber/root development Oil Seeds : Canola, sunflower, peanuts—nano iron increases oil content and protein quality Moderately Responsive Crops : Maize, sorghum, millet, sunflower, cotton Specific Scenarios Requiring Nano Iron : Alkaline/Calcareous Soils (pH >7.5): Where iron becomes chemically fixed and unavailable to plants Over-limed Fields : Excessive lime application reduces iron solubility High-Organic-Matter Soils : Iron complexation with organic compounds can reduce plant availability Waterlogged Conditions : Some soils create anaerobic conditions that increase iron to toxic levels, requiring nano iron for precise, controlled delivery Seedling Production : Nurseries and tissue culture operations benefit from nano iron in propagation media Geographic/Climatic Priority Regions : Mediterranean basin and subtropical regions with calcareous soils Semi-arid regions prone to iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) in soybean, corn High-rainfall regions where iron leaching occurs Areas with groundwater high in bicarbonate (reducing iron availability) 4. What are the expected benefits of using Nano Iron? Nano iron delivers comprehensive agronomic, nutritional, and economic benefits: Growth and Yield Benefits : Plant Height : 20-21% increase within 4-6 weeks of application Biomass Production : 30-48% increase in total dry weight under optimal conditions Leaf Development : Broader, thicker leaves with enhanced light capture Tillering/Branching : 18% increase in tiller number (cereals), improved lateral branching (fruits, vegetables) Seed/Fruit Yield : 30-40% increase compared to untreated controls; in soybean under drought, up to 40% yield increase 100-Seed Weight : 18% improvement in grain crops Biological Yield : 27% increase in cereals; 33% improvement in sugarcane Photosynthetic and Physiological Improvements : Chlorophyll Content : 24-37% increase in chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll within 2-4 weeks Photosynthetic Rate : Enhanced light-dependent reactions through improved electron transport chains Respiration Enhancement : Increased enzyme activity in Krebs cycle (succinate dehydrogenase, aconitase), boosting cellular energy production Enzyme Activity : 60-65% increase in essential enzymes (catalase, polyphenol oxidase, superoxide dismutase) Drought Tolerance : 21-24% improvement in plant height under 40% field capacity water stress Quality and Nutritional Improvements : Protein Content : 13% increase in seed protein (rice, pulses); 30-46% in crude protein (vegetables) Oil Content : 10.14% increase in soybean oil production under drought; significant boosts in canola and sunflower Micronutrient Content : 25-50% increase in iron, zinc, manganese, copper concentrations in seeds/fruits Carbohydrate Levels : 15-25% improvement in total soluble sugars (fruits, vegetables) Fruit Quality : Enhanced color intensity, shelf life extension, reduced post-harvest decay Essential Oil Production : 50-60% increase in aromatic crops (peppermint, coriander) Stress Tolerance Benefits : Drought Tolerance : Iron nanoparticles enhance osmotic adjustment and non-enzymatic antioxidants, enabling plant survival during water stress Heat Stress Mitigation : Stabilized chlorophyll levels and maintained enzyme function under high temperatures Disease Resistance : Enhanced production of phenolic compounds and systemic acquired resistance (SAR), reducing pathogen pressure Cadmium/Heavy Metal Tolerance : Iron nanoparticles compete with toxic metals for root uptake channels, reducing bioaccumulation Oxidative Stress Relief : 7-10 fold increase in catalase activity, reducing hydrogen peroxide accumulation Soil and Environmental Benefits : Soil pH Stability : Nano iron effectiveness ranges pH 4.5-9.0, buffering soil pH changes Microbial Activity : Supports beneficial soil microbe populations, enhancing organic matter decomposition Nutrient Cycling : Iron facilitates electron transport in soil microbes, enhancing nitrogen and phosphorus availability Reduced Nutrient Losses : Nano iron's controlled-release mechanism minimizes leaching compared to conventional fertilizers Environmental Safety : 50-80% reduction in iron fertilizer input reduces groundwater contamination and eutrophication risks Economic Returns : Reduced Input Costs : 50-80% lower application rate (100-200 g ha⁻¹ vs. 500-1,000 g ha⁻¹) translates to direct savings Labor Efficiency : Fewer applications required; split doses reduce field passes Yield Premiums : Enhanced quality (color, protein, micronutrients) supports premium market positioning Reduced Crop Loss : Rapid chlorosis correction (7-10 days) minimizes yield damage from iron deficiency Long-term Soil Investment : Improved microbial and structural stability reduces fertilizer dependency over seasons Visible Results Timeline : Week 1 : Leaf color stabilization (cessation of further yellowing) Week 2 : New green tissue development; 50% color restoration Week 3-4 : Full chlorophyll restoration; visible growth acceleration Week 6-8 : Yield component improvement; seed/fruit size increase 5. What are the compatibility and safety issues? Nano iron demonstrates high compatibility with most agricultural inputs while maintaining excellent safety profiles: Compatibility with Agricultural Chemicals Compatible with : Bio-fertilizers : Azospirillum, Bacillus megaterium, Bradyrhizobium species—nano iron enhances nutrient solubilization by supporting microbial activity Biofungicides : Trichoderma harzianum, Beauveria bassiana—no chemical antagonism observed; beneficial microbes are not harmed Bio-pesticides : Spinosad, neem oil, botanical extracts—synergistic disease control and nutrient uptake improvement reported Plant Growth Regulators : Gibberellins, auxins, cytokinins—nano iron enhances hormone efficacy and uptake NPK and Macronutrient Fertilizers : Urea, ammonium nitrate, phosphate fertilizers—nano iron improves overall nutrient efficiency without antagonism Other Nano-Fertilizers : Nano zinc, nano boron, nano copper, nano phosphorus—no chemical interactions; tank-mixing is common practice Chelated Micronutrients : Zn-EDTA, Cu-EDTA, Mn-EDTA—nano iron does not displace or antagonize other chelated forms Moderately Compatible (Requires Sequential Application): Broad-spectrum Fungicides : Carbendazim, thiram—apply nano iron 5-7 days before or after to prevent potential oxidative interactions Oxidizing Agents : Permanganate-based products—apply nano iron separately with 3-5 day intervals Synthetic Chelate-Heavy Formulations : Very high concentrations of Fe-EDDHA or similar chelates may show marginal antagonism; maintain 10:1 ratio of nano iron to synthetic chelates Incompatible (Avoid Tank-Mixing): High-pH Alkaline Products (pH >9): Lime slurry, sodium hydroxide—reduces nano iron stability; apply sequentially with 7-10 day gap Strong Oxidizing Biocides : Chlorine-based disinfectants—denatures chitosan polymer; apply nano iron before biocide treatment Highly Acidic Formulations (pH <3): May hydrolyze gelatin encapsulation; dilute separately before application Heavy-Metal-Based Pesticides : Lead arsenate, mercury fungicides (banned in most regions)—potential bioaccumulation risk Related Products Nano Urea Hydromax Anpeekay NPK Nano Boron Nano Calcium Nano Chitosan Nano Copper Nano Potassium More Products Resources Read all

< Animal Health Grass Mask Grass Mask is a natural feed additive formulated for improving the feed intake of cattle and enabling compounders to mask the odor of unconventional feed ingredients that have high nutritional value. Product Enquiry Benefits Masks Odors of Unconventional Ingredients Allows the use of alternative feed materials by effectively concealing undesirable smells, improving feed acceptance. Boosts Feed Intake and Appetite Encourages better feed consumption through improved palatability, supporting consistent growth and health. Supports Flexible Feed Formulation Enables compounders to diversify feed compositions without compromising intake, maintaining nutritional balance. Reduces Feed Cost and Enhances Nutrient Efficiency Improves the overall cost-effectiveness of feed by increasing the net nutrient value delivered to cattle. Component Amount per kg Bacillus Subtilis 2 × 10⁹ CFU Lactobacillus Acidophilus 1 × 10⁹ CFU Lactobacillus Casei 1 × 10⁹ CFU Bifidobacterium 1 × 10⁹ CFU Aspergillus Oryzae 1 × 10⁹ CFU Yeast Culture 10 Billion CFU Sodium 100 mcg Potassium 50 mcg Magnesium 50 mcg Vitamin A 50,000 IU Vitamin D3 30,000 IU Alpha Amylase 60,000 units Beta Glucanase 30,000 units Xylanase 60,000 Lysine 100 mcg Choline 150 mcg Methionine 150 mcg Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application Content coming soon! Additional Info Content coming soon! Related Products Stress Pro Camel Care Pro Cattle Care Max Cattle Care Pro Feed Pro Lactomine Pro Lactomix Mineral Max Pastocare Calf Pro More Products Resources Read all

Boost crop health with RootX from Indogulf BioAg. High-quality, organic root growth enhancer. Trusted by farmers globally for vibrant, thriving crops. < Crop Kits RootX Extends the root system, expanding the rhizosphere to help plants draw in nutrients, minerals, and water more efficiently. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Enhances Root Development RootX with Mycorrhizal Fungi enhances root size 3-5 times, boosting nutrient uptake and serving as an organic feed and ideal rooting powder for cuttings, maximizing Rootgrow. Enhances Nutrient Absorption With stronger and larger roots, plants draw more essential nutrients from the soil, promoting overall vigor and health. Improves Stress Tolerance A robust root system enhances plant health, enabling it to withstand adverse weather like extreme cold or drought conditions effectively. Controls Pathogens Trichoderma spp. effectively manage common plant diseases such as root rot, damping off, wilt, and fruit rot, ensuring healthier plants. Benefits Components Rhizophagus Intraradices Trichoderma Harzianum Trichoderma Viride Bacillus Subtilis Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens Bacillus Licheniformis Bacillus Brevis Bacillus Circulans Bacillus Coagulans Bacillus Firmus Bacillus Halodenitrificans Bacillus Laterosporus Bacillus Megaterium Bacillus Mycoides Bacillus Pasteuri Bacillus Polymyxa Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application Drop 5g (1 tsp) of RootX evenly into the base of the planting hole, so that the powder is in direct contact with the roots. (insoluble) Additional Info Aftercare BudMax Kit compatible with all natural fertilizers, pesticides and fungicides. Once opened, store in a cool, dry place. Keep away from children and pets. Do not inhale or ingest. Related Products Aminomax SP Annomax BioProtek Biocupe Neem Plus Seed Protek Silicomax Dates Pro More Products Resources Read all

< Animal Health Psolbi Psolbi is a multi-strain probiotic blend for poultry birds which restores and refreshes beneficial gut bacteria and conditions the gut to make it more favorable for friendly bacteria. This unique formula ensures a healthy gut flora and helps support the bird’s resistance to infections by boosting immunity. It also relieves the birds off their stress conditions and improves overall feed conversion. Product Enquiry Benefits Rebuilds Gut Flora After Antibiotic Use Re-establishes beneficial intestinal microflora disrupted by antibiotic treatments, improving digestive health. Relieves Stress and Restores Balance Helps animals recover from stress conditions and supports physiological stability during challenging periods. Boosts Growth and Feed Efficiency Enhances feed conversion and promotes healthy weight gain, supporting better overall performance. Strengthens Immunity and Fights Pathogens Improves baseline immune function and helps defend against pathogenic bacterial infections. Component Each 100g Contains Lactobacillus Acidophillus 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Casei 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Reutri 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Fermentum 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Lactis 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Salvaricus 5 Billion CFU Bifidobacterium Bifidus 5 Billion CFU Streptococcus Faecium 5 Billion CFU Oligosaccharides 5 Billion CFU Aspergillus Oryzae 5 Billion CFU Torulopsis with Vitamin C 5 Billion CFU Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application Content coming soon! Additional Info Content coming soon! Related Products Bioprol Tcare Sanifresh Respotract Layerpro Heptomax Bromax Ginex Breatheeze Glide Pro Viral Guard More Products Resources Read all

Top manufacturer & exporter of Enriched Earth, offering superior environmental solutions for sustainable growth and soil health. < Environmental Solutions Enriched Earth Microbial consortium for rapid organic waste decomposition, producing nutrient-rich humus, eliminating pathogens, and certified organic. Environmentally safe. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Environmental and Organic Certification 100% organic and environmentally safe, meeting standards for sustainable agriculture practices. Pathogen and Toxic Matter Elimination Destroys pathogens, harmful bacteria, weed seeds, and toxic matter, ensuring safer composting. Soil Health Improvement Helps in controlling harmful soil-borne pathogens, contributing to improved soil health. Rapid Conversion to Rich Compost/Manure Converts all types of organic waste into rich compost/manure rapidly by breaking down the hard structure through enzymatic, fungal, and bacterial processes. Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info FAQ Composition Ingredients Percentage Cellulomonas uda Min.2.0 x 10⁸ CFU/g celluomonas gelida Min.2.0 x 10⁸ CFU/g Trichoderma reesei Min 1.0 x 10⁷ CFU/g Aspergillus awamori Min 1.0 x 10⁷ CFU/g Streptomyces lavendulae Min.2.0 x 10⁸ CFU/g Pleurotus ostreatus Min.2.0 x 10⁸ CFU/g Phanerochaete Min.2.0 x 10⁸ CFU/g Chrysosporium Min.2.0 x 10⁸ CFU/g Trametes versicolor Talc Dosage & Application 1 kg per cubic meter of biomass and keep 30% moisture. Apply in layers, it takes approximate 4-5 weeks for decomposition. Additional Info Our application rates are for guidelines only. Usage and storage: Protect from direct sunlight and store in a dark, cool place between 5 to 25°C (40-77°F). Do not refrigerate or freeze. Keep the container tightly sealed after use. Keep away from children and pets. Do not inhale or ingest. FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Cellulomax Compost Pro Enzymax More Products Resources Read all

Azospirillum brasilense, a plant growth-promoting bacterium, significantly enhances root development and nutrient uptake in crops such as wheat, maize, and rice. This leads to improved plant growth, higher nutrient efficiency, and increased yields, making it a valuable tool for sustainable agriculture." Supporting References: Azospirillum has been shown to improve root development and nutrient uptake, enhancing crop yields under various conditions (Okon & Itzigsohn, 1995). Inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense increases mineral uptake and biomass in crops like maize and sorghum (Lin et al., 1983). Studies have documented up to 29% increased grain production when maize was inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense, particularly when combined with nutrient applications (Ferreira et al., 2013). Enhanced growth and nutrient efficiency in crops such as lettuce and maize have also been reported, supporting its role in sustainable agriculture (da Silva Oliveira et al., 2023) (Marques et al., 2020). < Microbial Species Azospirillum brasilense Azospirillum brasilense, a plant growth-promoting bacterium, significantly enhances root development and nutrient uptake in crops such as wheat, maize, and rice. This leads to improved… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Enhances nutrient uptake and soil health Improves root system's ability to absorb phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients, promoting overall soil health. Promotes root growth and development Stimulates lateral and deep root growth, enhancing nutrient and water uptake efficiency in plants. Increases drought tolerance and stress resistance Enhances plant resilience to drought conditions and environmental stresses, improving crop yield stability. Improves plant growth by nitrogen fixation Fixes atmospheric nitrogen, reducing the need for nitrogen fertilizers and enhancing soil fertility. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References 1. Azospirillum: benefits that go far beyond biological nitrogen fixation URL: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5935603/ Journal : PMC - PubMed Central (2018) 2. N2 Fixation by Azospirillum brasilense and Its Incorporation into Host Setaria italica URL: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC239336/ Journal : Applied and Environmental Microbiology 3. Improving Sustainable Field-Grown Wheat Production With Azospirillum brasilense Under Tropical Conditions URL: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/environmental-science/articles/10.3389/fenvs.2022.821628/full Journal : Frontiers in Environmental Science (2022) 4. Phytohormones and induction of plant-stress tolerance and defense genes by seed and foliar inoculation with Azospirillum brasilense URL: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5514007/ Journal : Scientific Reports - Nature (2017) 5. Azospirillum brasilense promotes increases in growth and nitrogen use efficiency of maize genotypes URL: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6472877/ Journal : PLOS ONE (2019) Mode of Action Azospirillum brasilense: Mode of Action Biological Nitrogen Fixation Mechanism Azospirillum brasilense converts atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into plant-available ammonium (NH₄⁺) through the nitrogenase enzyme complex under microaerobic conditions. The enzyme consists of two essential components: the dinitrogenase protein (MoFe protein, encoded by nifDK ) containing a molybdenum-iron cofactor where N₂ reduction occurs, and the dinitrogenase reductase protein (Fe protein, encoded by nifH ) that transfers electrons to the nitrogenase protein. ( academic.oup+1 ) Regulatory Control Systems Transcriptional Regulation The nitrogen fixation genes are organized in a major 30 kb nif gene cluster containing the nifHDK operon, with separately transcribed nifA and nifB genes. Expression is controlled by the NtrBC two-component regulatory system and the alternative sigma factor σ⁵⁴ (RpoN). Unlike Klebsiella pneumoniae , transcription of nifA in A. brasilense does not require NtrBC, and nifHDK expression is primarily controlled through posttranslational regulation of NifA activity . ( pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 ) Post-translational Regulation A. brasilense employs a sophisticated dual regulatory mechanism for rapid nitrogenase inactivation. The primary system involves reversible ADP-ribosylation of the nitrogenase Fe protein mediated by DraT (dinitrogenase reductase ADP-ribosyltransferase) and DraG (dinitrogenase reductase activating glycohydrolase) enzymes. A second independent mechanism exists that can partially inhibit nitrogenase activity in response to ammonium, even when ADP-ribosylation is eliminated.( pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 ) Phytohormone Production and Root Morphology Alteration Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) Biosynthesis A. brasilense produces significant amounts of IAA through the indole-3-pyruvate (IPyA) pathway . The key enzyme indole-3-pyruvate decarboxylase (IpdC) converts indole-3-pyruvic acid to IAA, with the ipdC gene being essential for bacterial IAA production . IAA production reaches 10.8 μg/ml in strain Cd and varies significantly between strains . (springer+4 ) IAA serves a dual function - it promotes plant growth while also protecting the bacterium from toxic effects of indole intermediates by maintaining membrane potential homeostasis and regulating bacterial translation. ipdC mutants show reduced growth rates, altered physiology, and more depolarized membrane potential compared to wild-type strains. ( pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 ) Additional Phytohormones A. brasilense produces multiple plant hormones including gibberellic acid (GA₃) at concentrations up to 0.66 μg/ml , zeatin (cytokinin) up to 2.37 μg/ml , abscisic acid (ABA) up to 0.077 μg/ml , and ethylene . The bacterium can hydrolyze GA₂₀-glucosyl conjugates and perform 3β-hydroxylation to convert GA₂₀ to bioactive GA₁. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Root Architecture Modification IAA produced by A. brasilense causes dramatic changes in root morphology including decreased primary root length and increased root hair formation . These effects are completely abolished in ipdC mutants and can be mimicked by exogenous IAA application . The altered root architecture enables plants to explore larger soil volumes for nutrient and water acquisition. academic.oup+1 Root Colonization and Chemotaxis Mechanisms Motility-Dependent Colonization A. brasilense employs active motility and chemotaxis as essential mechanisms for root surface colonization. Motile strains can travel from inoculated roots to non-inoculated roots, forming characteristic band-type colonization patterns composed of bacterial aggregates encircling limited root regions. Non-motile mutants remain at inoculation sites and show severely impaired colonization ability. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Energy Taxis and Chemical Sensing Root colonization is mediated by energy taxis through the Tlp1 transducer protein . A. brasilense navigates toward metabolizable compounds in root exudates that affect intracellular energy levels. The bacterium responds to specific chemicals including organic acids (malate, succinate), sugars , and amino acids found in root exudates. Metabolism-dependent chemotaxis contributes to the broad host range observed in Azospirillum -plant associations. journals.asm+2 Two-Phase Attachment Process Colonization involves a two-step process : initial adsorption mediated by the polar flagellum whose flagellin protein facilitates motility-dependent attachment, followed by anchoring through surface polysaccharides that enable stable root surface colonization. ( academic.oup+1 ) Stress Tolerance and ACC Deaminase Activity Ethylene Regulation A. brasilense produces ACC deaminase enzyme which cleaves the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) into ammonia and α-ketobutyrate . This reduces plant ethylene levels during stress conditions, preventing growth-inhibitory effects of stress ethylene. ACC deaminase activity is constitutively expressed but can be enhanced under stress conditions. ( pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 ) Plants treated with ACC deaminase-producing A. brasilense show enhanced stress tolerance to flooding, drought, salinity, pathogen attack, and metal toxicity. The bacterium itself contains a functional ethylene receptor (AzoEtr1) that responds to plant ethylene signals.( nature+2 ) Multiple Stress Protection Mechanisms A. brasilense confers stress tolerance through various mechanisms including osmotic adjustment , antioxidant enzyme activation , and synthesis of stress-protective compounds like trehalose . The bacterium modifies plant ion selectivity during salt stress, restricting sodium uptake while promoting potassium absorption. ( frontiersin+1 ) Biofilm Formation and Surface Colonization Cyclic-di-GMP Regulation Biofilm formation is regulated by the c-di-GMP signaling system involving diguanylate cyclases like CdgA . The cdgA gene is essential for biofilm formation and exopolysaccharide (EPS) production . Biofilms consist of bacterial aggregates embedded in a matrix of EPS , extracellular DNA , and fibrillar material . pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Ethylene-Mediated Biofilm Modulation Plant ethylene reduces biofilm formation in A. brasilense through the AzoEtr1 ethylene receptor. Ethylene treatment decreases EPS production and cell aggregation , preventing surface attachment. This represents a novel cross-kingdom signaling mechanism where plant hormones directly influence bacterial colonization behavior.( pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih ) Mineral Nutrition Enhancement Phosphate Availability While A. brasilense strains Cd and Az39 show limited phosphate solubilization ability in standard assays , some strains can solubilize phosphate through organic acid production that reduces medium pH. Co-inoculation with specialized phosphate-solubilizing bacteria enhances phosphate availability. ( citeseerx.ist .psu+3 ) Iron Acquisition and Siderophore Production A. brasilense strains show variable siderophore production depending on strain and culture conditions. While strains Cd and Az39 tested negative for siderophore production in standard assays, other studies suggest potential iron chelation mechanisms exist. ( pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 ) Polyamine Production A. brasilense produces significant quantities of polyamines including spermidine (up to 155 nmol/ml), putrescine , spermine , and cadaverine . Polyamines function as growth regulators and stress protectants , with production patterns influenced by culture medium composition . ( citeseerx.ist .psu+1 ) Agricultural Field Performance Yield Enhancement Mechanisms Field studies demonstrate that A. brasilense inoculation can substitute for 25-50% of nitrogen fertilizer applications without yield reduction. Meta-analyses of Brazilian field trials show consistent positive responses in maize and wheat yields. The bacterium's effectiveness results from the synergistic combination of nitrogen fixation, phytohormone production, stress tolerance enhancement, and improved nutrient uptake.( pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+3 ) Survival and Persistence A. brasilense survives on root surfaces for several weeks under field conditions, maintaining populations sufficient for continued plant growth promotion. The bacterium forms protective biofilms that enhance survival under environmental stress.( nature+2 ) Additional Info Recommended Crops: Cereals , Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility : Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Seed Coating/Seed Treatment: Coat 1 kg of seeds with a slurry mixture of 10 g of Azospirillum Brasilense and 10 g of crude sugar in sufficient water. Dry the coated seeds in shade before sowing or broadcasting in the field. Seedling Treatment: Dip seedlings into a mixture of 100 grams of Azospirillum Brasilense with sufficient water. Soil Treatment: Mix 3-5 kg per acre of Azospirillum Brasilense with organic manure or fertilizers. Incorporate into the soil during planting or sowing. Irrigation: Mix 3 kg per acre of Azospirillum Brasilense in water and apply through drip lines. FAQ By what mechanisms does Azospirillum brasilense enhance plant growth and stress tolerance? Azospirillum brasilense is a facultative endophyte that fixates atmospheric nitrogen via nitrogenase activity and secretes a suite of phytohormones (auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins). It also produces exopolysaccharides that improve soil aggregation and water retention. Through phosphorus solubilization (organic acid secretion) and induced systemic tolerance—mediated by modulation of stress-responsive gene expression—A. brasilense ameliorates abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. What application methodologies are employed for Azospirillum brasilense in crop production? – Seed Coating: Utilize a carrier-based formulation (≥10⁸ CFU/g) at 10 g per kg of seed, combined with a polymeric sticker to ensure uniform adhesion. – Soil Application: Distribute 3–5 kg inoculant per hectare by broadcasting or banding, integrating with organic fertilizer or compost. – Irrigation Integration: Infuse 3 kg inoculant into 1,000 L irrigation solution and apply through drip or sprinkler systems to achieve homogeneous microbial delivery. Which crop species exhibit pronounced yield responses to Azospirillum brasilense? Empirical studies demonstrate yield enhancements in cereals (wheat, maize, rice), legumes (soybean, chickpea), oilseeds (canola, sunflower), and various vegetables (tomato, eggplant) when inoculated with A. brasilense under both irrigated and rainfed conditions. How does Azospirillum brasilense interact at the molecular level with host plants? Upon root colonization, A. brasilense secretes signaling molecules—N-acyl homoserine lactones and lipo-chitin oligosaccharides—that trigger root gene networks involved in nutrient transport and stress responses. The bacterium’s nitrogenase complex reduces N₂, while secreted indole-3-acetic acid influences auxin-responsive transcription factors, collectively fostering root proliferation and enhanced nutrient assimilation. Are there any safety or environmental risks associated with Azospirillum brasilense use? A. brasilense poses negligible biosafety risks; it is non-pathogenic to non-target organisms and does not persist as a pollutant in soil ecosystems. Compatibility with most agrochemicals is high, though cell viability may decrease in the presence of potent oxidizing agents or extreme pH conditions. Sustainability Advantage Content coming soon! Related Products Acetobacter xylinum Azospirillum lipoferum Azospirillum spp. Azotobacter vinelandii Beijerinckia indica Bradyrhizobium elkanii Bradyrhizobium japonicum Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus More Products Resources Read all

Leading manufacturer & exporter of Mykrobak O&G, a natural, eco-friendly solution for soil & wastewater treatment, ensuring sustainability & efficiency. < Environmental Solutions Mykrobak O&G Mykrobak O&G is a biotechnological solution with potent microbes for breaking down oil and grease, including petroleum hydrocarbons. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Non-Toxic and Biodegradable Eco-friendly and biodegradable formulation that is harmless to humans and animals. Effective Dispersion Can be dispersed using fogging units to cover large areas effectively, especially in environments where noxious gases may build up. Versatile Odor Neutralization Neutralizes a wide range of odors including hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, amines, mercaptans, and more in various environments. Wide Application Suitable for use in wastewater treatment plants, petrochemical industry, food processing plants, composting yards, municipal dumping grounds, and public toilets. Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info FAQ Composition Dosage & Application Direction to use 1 litres of Mykrobak O&G need to be activated with the help of 50 litres of water and hold for 30 minutes for the deactivation of preservatives. Dosing It depends on the volume of waste water and oil & grease content in the waste water Additional Info Bacterial consortium belongs to the following: Hydrocarbon-reducing bacteria Hydrolytic bacteria Hyperthermophilic and thermophilic bacteria Nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria Photosynthetic bacteria & fluorescent bacteria Fermentative bacteria Acetogenic bacteria Odour control bacteria Enzymes belong to the co-enzymes of the following groups: Oxidoreductases Transferases Lyases Advantages of Mykrobak products: Promote the formation of potential and sustainable biomass Reduce contaminants, toxicity, pollutants, and bad odors Initiate biodegradation quickly Effective in reducing COD/BOD in ETP/STP/WTP Help in the fastest commissioning of biological treatment processes in ETP/STP, etc. Boost MLSS production rapidly Reduce ammoniacal nitrogen Improve digester system recovery Increase the efficiency of biogas production Improve tertiary treatment Reduce large quantities of organic compounds Improve the aquatic environment Clarify ponds and lakes water Safe and natural Economically feasible FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Mykrobak Aerobic Mykrobak Anaerobic Wastewater Treatment Mykrobak Biotoilet Mykrobak Composting Mykrobak Dairy Mykrobak Drop Mykrobak Fog Mykrobak N&P Booster More Products Resources Read all

Rhizophagus intraradices (previously Glomus intraradices) is an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus used in agriculture, that improves root structure enhances plant nutrient uptake, especially phosphorus, improving plant growth, stress resilience, and soil health in sustainable agriculture. < Microbial Species Rhizophagus Intraradices Rhizophagus intraradices (previously Glomus intraradices) is an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus used in agriculture, that improves root structure enhances plant nutrient uptake, especially phosphorus, improving plant… Show More Strength 245 Active Spores per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Improved Soil Health Hyphal networks bind soil particles, promoting soil structure, aeration, and moisture retention, creating healthier, more resilient environments for plant roots. Reduced Fertilizer Dependence Improved nutrient efficiency allows plants to thrive with less fertilizer, supporting sustainable farming practices and decreasing potential soil and water pollution. Increased Drought Resistance Extending root surface area boosts water absorption, helping plants endure drought conditions, enhancing resilience, and reducing water stress. Enhanced Nutrient Uptake Improves nutrient access, especially phosphorus, by forming hyphal networks that extend beyond plant roots, increasing nutrient availability and uptake. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action Sustainability Advantage FAQ Scientific References Improves growth and phosphorus uptake in contaminated soil Inoculation with R. intraradices significantly enhanced soybean growth, phosphorus uptake, and grain yield even in heavy metal-contaminated soils ( Adeyemi et al., 2021 ). Broad agricultural benefits and soil health contributions A comprehensive review highlighted the species' roles in nutrient cycling, improved water retention, glomalin production, and overall support for sustainable agriculture ( Onyeaka et al., 2024 ). Enhanced nutrient uptake and microbial community structure Field experiments with maize showed that R. intraradices increased phosphorus and nitrogen uptake, biomass, and improved soil microbial biomass when combined with earthworms ( Li et al., 2013 ). Remediation and soil improvement in polluted environments Combining R. intraradices with Solanum nigrum improved cadmium retention in roots, boosted soil enzyme activity, and enhanced microbial diversity under heavy metal stress ( Wang et al., 2025 ). Improved drought tolerance and antioxidant activity Inoculated finger millet seedlings showed improved phosphorus uptake, chlorophyll content, and stress tolerance indicators such as higher antioxidant levels and reduced oxidative damage (Tyagi et al., 2021) . Mode of Action 1. Host Recognition and Root Colonization Rhizophagus intraradices , a species of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (AMF) in the phylum Glomeromycota , initiates symbiosis through a sophisticated chemical signaling exchange with host plants. Root exudates, particularly strigolactones , trigger spore germination and hyphal branching. In response, R. intraradices produces Myc-LCOs (Mycorrhizal lipochitooligosaccharides) , which activate host plant receptors and initiate symbiotic signaling pathways via the common symbiosis signaling pathway (CSSP) . Once recognition is achieved, the fungus penetrates the root epidermis and cortex via appressoria , establishing intraradical colonization . Within cortical cells, it forms arbuscules , finely branched hyphal structures that serve as the interface for bi-directional nutrient exchange. In some host species, vesicles are also formed, acting as lipid-rich storage and reproductive structures. Source : Kumar, Sanjeev. (2018). In vitro cultivation of AMF using Root Organ Culture: factory of biofertilizers and secondary metabolites production. 2. Nutrient Foraging and Transfer The most direct agronomic benefit of R. intraradices lies in its capacity to enhance nutrient acquisition: The fungus develops an extensive extraradical hyphal network that significantly increases the absorptive surface area of the root system, accessing nutrients beyond the rhizosphere depletion zone . Key nutrients mobilized include phosphorus (Pi) , zinc (Zn) , copper (Cu) , and other micronutrients, often bound in forms that are otherwise unavailable to plants. High-affinity phosphate transporters (e.g., GintPT ) in fungal hyphae facilitate Pi uptake, which is then translocated via the fungal cytoskeleton to the arbuscules. Inside the arbuscule interface, nutrient exchange occurs via a periarbuscular membrane , where plant Pi and metal transporters (e.g., PT4 ) retrieve the nutrients. In return, the plant supplies the fungus with photosynthetically derived carbon , mainly in the form of hexoses , transported through plant sugar transporters , supporting fungal metabolism and reproduction. Khan, Yaseen, Sulaiman Shah, and Tian Hui. 2022. " The Roles of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Influencing Plant Nutrients, Photosynthesis, and Metabolites of Cereal Crops—A Review" Agronomy 12, no. 9: 2191. 3. Abiotic Stress Alleviation R. intraradices significantly modulates plant physiological responses under abiotic stress conditions: Enhances water acquisition through extended hyphal reach and improved root hydraulic conductivity. Increases osmoprotectant synthesis , including proline , glycine betaine , and soluble sugars , aiding in osmotic adjustment under drought and salinity stress. Activates antioxidant enzyme systems , including superoxide dismutase (SOD) , catalase (CAT) , and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) , reducing oxidative damage from ROS generated during stress. Influences the synthesis and signaling of phytohormones such as abscisic acid (ABA) , jasmonic acid (JA) , salicylic acid (SA) , and auxins , which regulate stress adaptation, stomatal closure, and root architecture. 4. Soil Aggregation and Health The extraradical hyphae of R. intraradices play a critical role in soil structure and fertility : Secrete glomalin-related soil proteins (GRSPs) that stabilize soil aggregates by binding mineral particles and organic matter. Improve soil porosity , water infiltration , and bulk density , contributing to enhanced root penetration and aeration. Support carbon sequestration by promoting stable soil organic carbon pools. Increase microbial biomass and enzymatic activity, such as phosphatases , ureases , and dehydrogenases , which further enhance nutrient cycling and microbial community function. 5. Biotic Stress Resistance and Pathogen Suppression R. intraradices contributes to plant immunity and disease resistance through several pathways: Competes with soil pathogens for space and resources in the rhizosphere and root cortex. Activates induced systemic resistance (ISR) via jasmonate and ethylene signaling pathways, enhancing the plant’s defense readiness. Alters rhizosphere microbiome composition , often increasing populations of beneficial microorganisms (e.g., Pseudomonas , Trichoderma ) that further antagonize pathogens. Reduces the translocation of heavy metals and xenobiotics to aerial parts, providing a protective buffer in contaminated soils. 6. Ecological and Agronomic Integration In sustainable agriculture, R. intraradices is increasingly applied as a bioinoculant , either alone or in combination with other beneficial microbes. Its efficacy depends on: Soil conditions (pH, organic matter, nutrient availability) Host plant genotype and mycorrhizal compatibility Co-inoculation strategies (e.g., with nitrogen-fixing bacteria like Azospirillum brasilense ) Reduction in synthetic fertilizer inputs, which can suppress AMF colonization when in excess Additional Info Product Specifications Strength: customisable Formulation: customisable Purity: High-quality inoculum with verified spore viability Storage and Handling Store in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and extreme temperatures. Optimal storage temperature is 4-25°C (39-77°F). Keep container tightly sealed when not in use. Shelf life is 12 months when stored properly. Avoid exposure to fungicides or excessive heat which may reduce spore viability. Best Practices Apply to moist soil for optimal spore germination Ensure direct contact between inoculant and plant roots Avoid over-fertilization, especially with phosphorus, which can suppress mycorrhizal colonization Combine with organic matter amendments to enhance fungal establishment Use within the same growing season after opening for maximum effectiveness Environmental Conditions R. intraradices thrives in well-aerated, slightly acidic to neutral soils (pH 5.5-7.0). The fungus is naturally adapted to diverse soil types and climatic conditions, making it suitable for global agricultural applications. Performance is optimized in soils with moderate organic matter content and adequate moisture. Safety Non-toxic and safe for humans, animals, and the environment. Certified for use in organic agriculture by various international certification bodies. Contains only naturally occurring beneficial fungi with no genetically modified organisms. Dosage & Application Application Rates for Different Agricultural Systems For Field Crops (Hectare-based application): Standard field application: 60 g per hectare High-intensity farming: Up to 100 g per hectare for optimal colonization Maize and cereal crops: 60–100 g/ha mixed with seed or applied at sowing Legume crops (soybean, chickpea, lentil): 60 g/ha, compatible with rhizobial inoculants Horticultural crops (vegetables, fruits): 30–50 g per hectare For Specialized Applications: Hydroponic systems: 1 g per plant or 580 propagules per liter applied via subirrigation Greenhouse nurseries and potting: 3 g per square meter of growing area Tissue culture and micropropagated plants: 0.5–1.0 g per seedling during hardening stage Cuttings and propagation material: 0.5 g per cutting at rooting medium Turf and ornamental applications: 50–100 g per 1000 m² Optimal Spore Density and Colonization Rates Research indicates that optimal inoculation requires a minimum threshold for effective colonization: Minimum effective spore density: 2–3 spores per seed or seedling for adequate colonization establishment Optimal spore density: 5–6 spores per seed results in superior root colonization rates (75–84%) and maximal plant vigor Application strength: The product contains 245 active spores per gram, ensuring consistent and reliable inoculum quality Colonization timeline: Initial root colonization typically occurs within 2–4 weeks; visible plant benefits manifest within 6–8 weeks; maximum benefits develop throughout the entire growing season Application Methods and Techniques Seed Treatment (Most Common) Mix R. intraradices inoculum with seeds immediately before sowing at a ratio of 60 g per hectare. Ensure uniform distribution for consistent field colonization. In-Furrow Application Apply 60 g per hectare directly into the planting furrow at sowing depth (5–8 cm). This method ensures close proximity of spores to germinating roots. Root Dip Method (Nurseries and Transplants) Suspend seedling roots in a slurry containing 3 g per square meter of growing area for 2–5 minutes before transplanting. This high-contact method accelerates colonization establishment. Subirrigation and Hydroponic Systems Dilute liquid inoculum (580 propagules/liter) in irrigation water and apply weekly through drip or subirrigation systems. Filter product to prevent emitter clogging. Soil Incorporation Mix inoculum into soil at 60 g per hectare 1–2 weeks before planting for field crops, allowing time for spore positioning. Foliar and Root Zone Drenching Apply via soil drenching at transplanting stage (10 mL per plant) for containerized crops and horticultural applications. Critical Application Considerations Phosphorus Management High soil phosphorus levels (>50 ppm) suppress AMF colonization and reduce symbiotic effectiveness. When using R. intraradices, reduce phosphorus fertilizer applications and rely on the fungus to mobilize existing soil phosphorus reserves. Combination treatments of R. intraradices + 50% recommended phosphorus consistently outperform full-dose phosphorus alone. Fungicide and Chemical Interactions Avoid fungicide applications for at least 2–4 weeks post-inoculation to prevent suppression of colonization. Systemic fungicides are particularly damaging to AMF establishment. Coordinate all pesticide applications with agronomist recommendations considering AMF symbiosis. Soil Preparation and Timing Inoculate into well-prepared, slightly acidic to neutral soils (pH 6.0–7.5). Avoid waterlogged conditions immediately post-inoculation. Ideal soil moisture should be 60–70% of field capacity. Compatibility with Other Microorganisms R. intraradices generally works synergistically with beneficial bacteria (Bacillus spp., Azospirillum spp.) and other AMF species. Co-inoculation often produces superior results to single-organism application. Storage and Handling Store product in cool, dry conditions (4–15°C) in sealed containers away from light. Do not expose to temperatures above 25°C or to direct sunlight. Use within 12–24 months of manufacture for optimal viability; maintain storage conditions to preserve spore viability and germination potential. FAQ What is the new name for Glomus intraradices? The fungus formerly known as Glomus intraradices has been officially reclassified as Rhizophagus intraradices based on comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis. This taxonomic change, implemented following the 2010 reclassification by Schüßler and Walker, reflects advances in DNA sequencing technology and ribosomal RNA gene analysis that revealed the original genus assignment was incorrect. The genus Rhizophagus is more accurately aligned with the evolutionary lineage and morphological characteristics of this species. The reclassification was formally anchored through the International Culture Collection of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (INVAM) culture FL208, which represents the type strain and nomenclatural authority for the species. Important Note: It is critical to distinguish between two distinct species within the Rhizophagus genus: Rhizophagus intraradices (formerly Glomus intraradices, strain FL208 and related isolates) Rhizophagus irregularis (formerly known as Glomus irregulare and historically confused with R. intraradices, particularly the DAOM197198 reference strain) While historically conflated, phylogenetic and molecular analyses now clearly demonstrate these are separate species with different colonization characteristics and agricultural performance profiles. What is the use of Glomus intraradices (Rhizophagus intraradices)? R. intraradices serves as a plant growth-promoting arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus with diverse agricultural, horticultural, and environmental applications: Sustainable intensification of cereal crops (maize, wheat, rice, sorghum) with reduced fertilizer dependency Improved legume performance (soybean, chickpea, lentil) complementing nitrogen-fixing rhizobia Enhanced tuber and root crop yields (potato, cassava, carrots) with superior nutrient uptake and stress tolerance Horticultural Applications Nursery production of high-quality transplants with accelerated growth and disease resistance Fruit crop establishment (citrus, mango, avocado, berry crops) with improved root development Ornamental plant production with superior vigor and stress resilience Vegetable production (tomato, pepper, cucumber) supporting both conventional and organic systems Environmental Remediation Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated soils through enhanced metal uptake capacity and soil enzyme activity Restoration of degraded mining sites and contaminated agricultural lands Coal mining site revegetation and ecosystem recovery Support for pioneer plant species establishment in marginal and disturbed environments Sustainable Agriculture Intensification Reduction of synthetic fertilizer inputs by 25–50% while maintaining or improving yields Support for organic farming systems seeking certified biological inputs Climate-smart agriculture through enhanced carbon sequestration and drought resilience Integrated pest management via natural disease suppression mechanisms Specialized Applications Micropropagated plant hardening and acclimatization protocols Hydroponic and soilless cultivation systems for high-value crops Biofortification programs improving micronutrient density in staple food crops Effects of Rhizophagus intraradices on Crops Research has documented comprehensive beneficial effects across diverse crop species: Nutrient Uptake and Growth Promotion Phosphorus uptake: 50–130% increase in plant-available phosphorus, enabling 25–50% reduction in phosphate fertilizer Nitrogen acquisition: Enhanced nitrogen uptake through both direct root absorption and fungal-mediated pathways Micronutrient availability: Improved zinc, copper, iron, and manganese bioavailability particularly important in calcareous and alkaline soils Biomass accumulation: Increased shoot and root dry matter by 15–40% depending on soil fertility and environmental conditions Root System Development Enhanced lateral root initiation and root hair density Increased root diameter and improved soil penetration capability Expanded root surface area (up to 100-fold expansion through hyphal networks) Modified root architecture supporting improved nutrient and water acquisition Yield and Productivity Grain yield: 10–35% yield increases in cereals (maize, wheat, rice) particularly under limiting nutrient or water availability Legume productivity: 20–30% increases in soybean, chickpea yields with complementary rhizobial inoculation Tuber production: 14.5% yield increases in cassava in phosphorus-deficient soils Horticultural crops: 25–35% increases in fruit number and mass in pepper, tomato, strawberry Stress Tolerance Enhancement Drought resilience: Maintained photosynthetic efficiency and leaf water potential under moderate to severe drought; 20–25% greater biomass than non-inoculated plants under water stress Salt tolerance: Enhanced ion selectivity and osmolyte accumulation mitigating salinity stress effects Heavy metal mitigation: Enhanced phytoextraction and phytostabilization of cadmium, lead, and arsenic; reduced toxic ion accumulation in shoots Cold and temperature stress: Improved cellular cryoprotectant accumulation and membrane integrity maintenance Disease and Pest Suppression Root-knot nematode biocontrol: Reduced Meloidogyne graminicola populations and symptoms in rice through enhanced plant defense activation Soil-borne pathogen suppression: Reduced incidence of Fusarium, Rhizoctonia, and other fungal root pathogens through competitive exclusion and defense enhancement Pest susceptibility reduction: Western corn rootworm larvae show reduced fitness on R. intraradices-colonized maize, facilitating biological pest control Soil Quality and Long-term Sustainability Soil aggregation: Enhanced water-stable aggregate formation improving soil structure and workability Organic matter stabilization: Glomalin accumulation supports 10–20-year soil organic matter persistence Microbial community enhancement: Increased beneficial soil microbial diversity and activity Carbon sequestration: Contribution to global carbon cycle with approximately 13 Gt CO₂e annually sequestered Crop-Specific Effects Rice: 35–50% increase in grain yield with improved phosphorus and nitrogen uptake; enhanced disease resistance to bacterial leaf blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) Maize: 20–35% yield increase with enhanced water use efficiency; reduced Western corn rootworm damage through modified rhizosphere chemistry Soybean: 15–30% yield improvement with complementary rhizobial associations; enhanced phosphorus uptake in continuous cropping systems Wheat: Significant phosphorus uptake enhancement and improved grain quality parameters Citrus/Lemon: Enhanced lateral root formation and phosphate transporter gene expression; improved water uptake capacity Tomato: 25–35% increase in fruit yield and quality; improved water stress tolerance during critical fruit development stages Saffron: 25% increase in total chlorophyll content; enhanced daughter corm production and stigma development Finger Millet: 29% increase in phosphorus and chlorophyll under drought stress; 7% growth improvement under severe water limitation Sustainability Advantage Content coming soon! 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< Animal Health Aquatract Aquatract is an aqua feed supplement and feed attractant that is speciallyformulated for aquatic species Product Enquiry Benefits Reduces Feed Wastage Enhances digestion and feed efficiency, minimizing unnecessary feed loss and contributing to cleaner pond conditions. Supports Consistent Weight Gain Encourages steady body weight increase, improving overall growth performance and production outcomes. Accelerates Feed Intake and Utilization Promotes faster consumption of feed and enhances feed conversion ratio, resulting in more efficient nutrient uptake. Strengthens Immunity and Disease Resistance Improves the immune system and helps protect fish and shrimp from bacterial diseases, supporting healthier stock. Component Amount per 30 mL Thiamine HCl 5 mg Ferrous Chloride 80 mg Nicotinic Acid 20 mg Nicotinamide 45 mg Ferrous Gluconate 200 mg Riboflavin 5 mg Calcium Lactate 300 mg Silymarin 100 mg Liver Fraction (II) (from 3.75g fresh liver) 150 mg Aqueous Base 30 mg Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application Content coming soon! Additional Info Content coming soon! Related Products Piscicare Livcare Aqua Energy Aqua Pro Aquamin Probio Aqua More Products Resources Read all