Rhizobium leguminosarum is a species of nitrogen-fixing bacteria that forms symbiotic relationships with leguminous plants, particularly peas, beans, and clover. These bacteria colonize the plant's root system and create nodules, where they convert atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into ammonia (NH₃) through the enzyme nitrogenase. This process provides the plant with essential nitrogen, facilitating its growth while simultaneously improving soil fertility. Rhizobium leguminosarum plays a key role in sustainable agriculture by reducing the need for synthetic nitrogen fertilizers and enhancing crop yields naturally. < Microbial Species Rhizobium leguminosarum Rhizobium leguminosarum is a species of nitrogen-fixing bacteria that forms symbiotic relationships with leguminous plants, particularly peas, beans, and clover. These bacteria colonize the plant's… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Phosphorus Solubilization Rhizobium leguminosarum increases phosphorus availability by converting insoluble phosphates intoc plant accessible forms. This enhances nutrient absorption , promotes vigorous plant growth , and elevates crop productivity . Stress Tolerance Rhizobium leguminosarum strengthens plant resilience against various abiotic stresses including drought, salinity, and nutrient scarcity, thereby enhancing crop performance under challenging environmental conditions. Enhanced Symbiosis Rhizobium leguminosarum establishes efficient symbiotic associations with diverse leguminous plants, significantly improving nitrogen fixation , stimulating robust root development , and maximizing overall crop yields . Disease Resistance By enhancing the health and microbial balance of the rhizosphere , Rhizobium leguminosarum actively contributes to disease suppression . It aids plants in resisting soil-borne pathogens , significantly reducing the prevalence of plant diseases . Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Signaling in the Rhizobium-legume symbiosis Oldroyd, G. E., Murray, J. D., Poole, P. S., & Downie, J. A. (2011). Annual Review of Genetics , 45, 119-144. Link to Article Rhizobium–legume symbiosis and nitrogen fixation under severe conditions and in an arid climate Zahran, H. H. (1999). Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews , 63(4), 968-989. Link to Article Leghemoglobin and the oxygen diffusion barrier in root nodules Appleby, C. A. (1984). Annual Review of Plant Physiology , 35(1), 443-478. Link to Article Nitrogenase structure and function Hoffman, B. M., Lukoyanov, D., Yang, Z. Y., Dean, D. R., & Seefeldt, L. C. (2014). Chemical Reviews , 114(8), 4041-4062. Link to Article Reactive oxygen species in legume root nodules Puppo, A., Groten, K., Bastian, F., Carzaniga, R., Soussi, M., Lucas, M. M., & Harrison, J. (2005). Plant Physiology , 137(4), 1202-1209. Link to Article Mode of Action Mode of Action: Rhizobium leguminosarum Rhizobium leguminosarum employs a sophisticated mechanism of action to establish symbiotic relationships with leguminous plants, significantly contributing to plant growth and soil fertility. The process begins with the exchange of chemical signals between the plant roots and the bacteria. Flavonoids secreted by legume roots attract Rhizobium bacteria, which in response, produce Nod factors (lipochitooligosaccharides) crucial for initiating symbiosis. Upon recognition of Nod factors, root hairs begin to curl, forming structures that encapsulate the bacteria. These bacteria penetrate the root hair and multiply, triggering the formation of infection threads through which Rhizobium migrates towards the root cortex. Concurrently, cortical cells undergo rapid division, resulting in the formation of specialized structures called nodules. Schematic representation of establishment of legume-rhizobia symbiosis and biological nitrogen-fixation process in nodules Within these nodules, Rhizobium differentiates into a specialized form known as bacteroids. These bacteroids utilize the enzyme nitrogenase to catalyze the conversion of inert atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) into ammonia (NH₃), a form of nitrogen readily assimilated by the plant. This nitrogen fixation is energy-intensive, requiring significant ATP and electrons derived from plant photosynthesis. The enzyme nitrogenase is highly sensitive to oxygen; hence, the nodule environment is adapted to maintain low oxygen concentrations through the plant-derived protein leghemoglobin, facilitating optimal nitrogenase function. Additionally, Rhizobium leguminosarum is equipped with protective antioxidant systems such as glutathione peroxidase (Gpx), which mitigates oxidative stress by neutralizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during high metabolic activity within nodules. This antioxidant activity is essential for efficient nodulation and nitrogen fixation, as oxidative stress can significantly impair bacterial survival and nodule functionality. Thus, Rhizobium leguminosarum’s mode of action encompasses chemical signaling, physical interaction with the host plant, differentiation into nitrogen-fixing bacteroids, maintenance of an oxygen-regulated microenvironment, and robust antioxidant protection. Collectively, these mechanisms underscore the bacterium’s critical role in sustainable agriculture through improved crop nutrition and soil health. Additional Info Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Seed Coating/Seed Treatment: 1 kg of seeds will be coated with a slurry mixture of 10 g of Rhizobium Leguminosarum and 10 g of crude sugar in sufficient water. The coated seeds will then be dried in shade and sown or broadcast in the field. Seedling Treatment: Dip the seedlings into the mixture of 100 grams Rhizobium Leguminosarum and a sufficient amount of water. Soil Treatment: Mix 3-5 kg per acre of Rhizobium Leguminosarum with organic manure/organic fertilizers. Incorporate the mixture and spread it into the field at the time of planting/sowing. Irrigation: Mix 3 kg per acre of Rhizobium Leguminosarum in a sufficient amount of water and run it into the drip lines. FAQ What is Rhizobium leguminosarum? Rhizobium leguminosarum is a species of nitrogen-fixing bacteria that forms symbiotic relationships with leguminous plants, such as peas, beans, lentils, and clover. It colonizes plant root nodules, converting atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which is readily usable by plants. How does Rhizobium leguminosarum benefit plant growth? Rhizobium leguminosarum significantly enhances plant growth by: Providing nitrogen directly to plants, reducing the need for chemical fertilizers. Increasing overall plant biomass and yield, especially in nitrogen-deficient soils. Producing growth-promoting substances like indole acetic acid (IAA), which further stimulate root development and enhance nutrient uptake. What role does Rhizobium leguminosarum play in soil health? Rhizobium leguminosarum contributes to soil health by: Improving soil fertility through the natural fixation of nitrogen. Enhancing soil structure by increasing root biomass and soil organic matter content. Supporting the activity of beneficial soil microorganisms, thereby promoting a healthy soil ecosystem. What ecological values does Rhizobium leguminosarum offer? Ecological benefits include: Reducing reliance on synthetic fertilizers, thus lowering agricultural chemical runoff and groundwater contamination. Promoting biodiversity by fostering sustainable agricultural practices. Contributing to carbon sequestration by increasing soil organic matter. Can Rhizobium leguminosarum protect plants against diseases or stress conditions? Yes, Rhizobium leguminosarum: Enhances plant resilience to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity by improving root architecture and nutrient uptake. Indirectly contributes to plant disease resistance by improving plant vigor and stimulating defense mechanisms against pathogens. How can Rhizobium leguminosarum be effectively utilized in agriculture? Effective utilization strategies include: Seed inoculation with commercial Rhizobium leguminosarum formulations prior to planting legumes. Integrating crop rotation practices that include leguminous plants to maintain soil nitrogen levels naturally. Combining Rhizobium inoculation with other plant-growth-promoting microbes for synergistic effects. Related Products Acetobacter xylinum Azospirillum brasilense Azospirillum lipoferum Azospirillum spp. Azotobacter vinelandii Beijerinckia indica Bradyrhizobium elkanii Bradyrhizobium japonicum More Products Resources Read all

Nitrobacter winogradskyi is a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium central to the nitrogen cycle, converting nitrite (NO₂⁻) into nitrate (NO₃⁻). This transformation is critical for soil fertility, as nitrate is a primary nutrient for plant growth. Its activity supports sustainable agriculture by enhancing nitrogen availability in the soil. In environmental management, N. winogradskyi is essential in wastewater treatment processes, where it prevents toxic nitrite accumulation, ensuring efficient nitrogen removal. Its adaptability to various ecosystems, including soils and aquatic environments, underscores its role in maintaining ecological balance and promoting sustainable nitrogen management. This bacterium is also widely used in bioaugmentation and bioreactor systems to optimize nitrification. < Microbial Species Nitrobacter winogradski Nitrobacter winogradskyi is a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium central to the nitrogen cycle, converting nitrite (NO₂⁻) into nitrate (NO₃⁻). This transformation is critical for soil fertility, as… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Soil Fertility Enhancement Contributes to the nutrient availability in soil, supporting agricultural productivity. Nitrogen Cycle Participation Plays a key role in the nitrogen cycle, helping to regulate nitrogen levels in ecosystems. Nitrate Production Converts nitrites into nitrates, vital for plant growth and soil fertility. Wastewater Treatment Efficiency Improves the biological treatment of wastewater by facilitating nitrogen removal processes. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Contact us for more details Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bacillus polymyxa Thiobacillus novellus Thiobacillus thiooxidans Alcaligenes denitrificans Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus macerans Citrobacter braakii More Products Resources Read all

Aspergillus oryzae is a filamentous fungus widely utilized in industrial and agricultural applications due to its enzymatic versatility. It plays a crucial role in food and beverage fermentation by producing amylases, cellulases, and proteases, which catalyze the breakdown of complex carbohydrates and proteins. In agriculture, A. oryzae is integral to composting processes, where its enzymatic activity accelerates the decomposition of organic matter, enhancing nutrient cycling and improving soil fertility. The ability of A. oryzae to convert agricultural waste into nutrient-rich compost makes it a critical component of sustainable farming practices and organic waste management, bridging industrial biotechnology and eco-friendly agricultural and environmental solutions. < Microbial Species Aspergillus oryzae Aspergillus oryzae is a filamentous fungus widely utilized in industrial and agricultural applications due to its enzymatic versatility. It plays a crucial role in food… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Breaks down complex carbohydrates It produces enzymes that break down complex carbohydrates into simpler sugars, aiding in digestion and nutrient availability. Enhances enzyme activity in compost Aspergillus oryzae's enzymes can also enhance the breakdown of organic matter in composting, improving compost quality. Improves fermentation efficiency Aspergillus oryzae is known for its ability to enhance the fermentation process, particularly in food and beverage production. Increases nutrient availability By breaking down complex compounds, Aspergillus oryzae increases the availability of essential nutrients for plants and microorganisms. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Sun et al., 2024. "Aspergillus oryzae as a Cell Factory: Research and Applications in Industrial Production," Journal of Fungi. Daba et al., 2021. "The ancient koji mold (Aspergillus oryzae) as a modern biotechnological tool," Bioresources and Bioprocessing. Mode of Action Aspergillus oryzae demonstrates a potent secretory system, efficiently secreting hydrolytic enzymes that catalyze the breakdown of complex substrates such as proteins, starches, lipids, cellulose, and pectins. The enzymes produced by Aspergillus oryzae are highly stable and active under various environmental conditions, making them highly effective for industrial-scale applications. Industrial Enzymes Produced by Aspergillus oryzae: Proteases: Crucial in food processing, pharmaceutical, and detergent industries, proteases from Aspergillus oryzae aid in protein hydrolysis, improving product texture and nutritional value. Amylases (α-amylase, glucoamylase): Widely used in food processing for starch hydrolysis and alcohol fermentation, enhancing efficiency and product quality. Lipases: Effective in enhancing flavor and aroma in dairy products, widely used in detergents and cosmetics. Cellulases and Pectinases: Essential for textile processing, fruit juice clarification, and biomass conversion into fermentable sugars. Additional Info Food Industry: Production of fermented foods, beverages, and enhanced texture and flavor of dairy products. Animal Feed: Improves nutrient absorption, digestion, and overall health in poultry, livestock, and aquaculture. Pharmaceuticals: Production of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), vitamins, and secondary metabolites. Detergent and Textile: Enhances cleaning power in detergents and improves textile processing efficiency. Available Forms: Water soluble powder, liquid suspensions Concentration: Optimized for industrial-scale enzyme production. Packaging: Customizable packaging sizes suitable for small-scale to bulk industrial applications Dosage & Application Industrial Applications: Solid-state Fermentation: 1-2 kg per ton of substrate Submerged Fermentation: 100-200 grams per cubic meter of fermentation broth Animal Feed: Poultry and Livestock: 0.1-0.5% inclusion rate in feed formulations Aquaculture: 0.2-0.4% inclusion rate in feed formulations Agricultural Applications: Composting: 500 grams - 1 kg per cubic meter of compost Soil Application: Mix 1-2 kg per hectare directly into the soil before planting Organic Waste Management: 1-2 kg per ton of organic waste material FAQ Is Aspergillus oryzae safe for food production? Yes, it is recognized as safe by the FDA (GRAS status) and extensively utilized globally in various food processing applications without adverse health effects. How does Aspergillus oryzae improve soil fertility? Aspergillus oryzae accelerates organic matter decomposition through its potent enzymatic activity, enhancing nutrient cycling, increasing soil nutrient availability, and promoting overall soil health. What makes Aspergillus oryzae enzymes effective under industrial conditions? Enzymes produced by Aspergillus oryzae demonstrate remarkable stability and catalytic efficiency across a broad range of temperatures, pH levels, and industrial conditions, making them ideal for diverse industrial applications. Can Aspergillus oryzae help reduce environmental pollution? Yes, its ability to efficiently break down organic wastes reduces waste volume and facilitates the recycling of nutrients, significantly contributing to eco-friendly waste management and reducing environmental pollution. Are there any specific storage requirements for Aspergillus oryzae products? Aspergillus oryzae products should be stored in a cool, dry place below 25°C, away from direct sunlight to preserve enzymatic activity, potency, and overall stability. Related Products Aspergillus niger Cellulomonas carate Cellulomonas gelida Cellulomonas uda More Products Resources Read all

Trichoderma spp. are widely recognized for their biocontrol capabilities in managing plant pathogens and soil-dwelling nematodes. These fungi displace causative agents by competing for resources and space, effectively reducing colonization opportunities for harmful fungi. Additionally, Trichoderma spp. produce enzymes and antimicrobial compounds that suppress the growth of plant pathogenic fungi, making them essential for sustainable agriculture and integrated pest management. < Microbial Species Trichoderma spp. Trichoderma spp. are widely recognized for their biocontrol capabilities in managing plant pathogens and soil-dwelling nematodes. These fungi displace causative agents by competing for resources… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Root Colonization Forms symbiotic relationships with plant roots, boosting root health and nutrient uptake. Biocontrol Agent Acts as a natural antagonist against various plant pathogens, reducing disease incidence. Plant Growth Promotion Enhances nutrient availability to plants, leading to improved growth and yield. Environmental Adaptability Thrives in diverse soil conditions, contributing to sustainable soil health. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Target pests: Stem rot disease, Ganoderma boninense in oil palm plants, Botrytis, Powdery Mildew, Anthracnose Recommended Crops: Pulses and legumes, grapes, cotton, onion, carrot, peas, plums, maize, apple, oil palm plants.. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Wettable Powder: 2 x 10⁶ CFU per gram Foliar Application: 1 Acre dose: 3-5 kg, 1 Ha dose: 7.5 - 12.5 Kg Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation): 1 Acre dose: 3-5 kg, 1 Ha dose: 7.5 - 12.5 Kg Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation) for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 3-5 kg, 1 Ha dose: 7.5 - 12.5 Kg, Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. Seed Dressing: 1 Kg seed: 5g Trichoderma spp. + 5g crude sugar Foliar application for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 1 Kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 Kg, Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. Soluble Powder: 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram Foliar Application: 1 Acre dose: 1 Kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 Kg Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation): 1 Acre dose: 1 Kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 Kg Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation) for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 1 Kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 Kg Seed Dressing: 1 Kg seed: 0.5g Trichoderma spp. + 5g crude sugar Foliar Application for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 1 Kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 Kg, Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. Seed Dressing Method: Mix Trichoderma spp. with crude sugar in sufficient water to make a slurry and coat seeds. Dry in shade and sow / broadcast / dibble in the field. Do not store treated / coated seeds for more than 24 hours. Soil Application Method: Mix Trichoderma spp. at recommended doses with compost and apply at early life stages of crop along with other biofertilizers. First application: At land preparation stage / sowing / planting. Second application: Three weeks after first application. Mix Trichoderma spp. at recommended doses in sufficient water and drench soil at early leaf stage / 2-4 leaf stage / early crop life cycle. Drip Irrigation: If there are insoluble particles, filter the solution and add to drip tank. For long duration crops / Perennial / Orchard crops: Dissolve Trichoderma spp. at recommended doses in sufficient water and apply as a drenching spray near root zone twice a year. It is recommended to have the first application before the onset of the main monsoon / rainfall / spring season and the second application after the main monsoon / rainfall / autumn / fall season. Foliar Application Method: Mix Trichoderma spp. at recommended doses in sufficient water and spray on soil during the off-season. Apply twice a year for long duration crops. It is recommended to have the first application before the onset of the main monsoon / rainfall / spring season and the second application after the main monsoon / rainfall / autumn / fall season. Note: Do not store Trichoderma spp. solution for more than 24 hours after mixing in water. FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Ampelomyces quisqualis Bacillus subtilis Bacillus tequilensis Chaetomium cupreum Fusarium proliferatum Lactobacillus plantarum Pediococcus pentosaceus Pseudomonas spp. More Products Resources Read all

Nitrobacter alkalicus is a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium specializing in the oxidation of nitrite (NO₂⁻) to nitrate (NO₃⁻), a key step in the nitrogen cycle. This species is particularly adapted to thrive in alkaline environments, such as high-pH soils and wastewater systems, where it contributes to nitrogen transformation and nutrient availability for plants. Its activity supports soil fertility by enhancing nitrate levels, which are readily absorbed by crops. Additionally, N. alkalicus plays a significant role in wastewater treatment processes, helping to manage nitrogen levels and prevent harmful nitrite accumulation. Its resilience in high-pH conditions makes it essential for sustainable agricultural practices and environmental management. < Microbial Species Nitrobacter alcalicus Nitrobacter alkalicus is a chemolithoautotrophic bacterium specializing in the oxidation of nitrite (NO₂⁻) to nitrate (NO₃⁻), a key step in the nitrogen cycle. This species… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Nitrate Production Converts nitrites into nitrates, playing a crucial role in the nitrogen cycle and soil fertility. Soil Health Improvement Enhances soil nutrient availability, promoting plant growth and agricultural productivity. Environmental Remediation Supports the detoxification of environments by participating in nitrogen transformation, improving ecosystem health. Wastewater Treatment Helps in the biological treatment of wastewater by facilitating nitrogen removal processes. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Contact us for more details Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bacillus polymyxa Thiobacillus novellus Thiobacillus thiooxidans Alcaligenes denitrificans Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus macerans Citrobacter braakii More Products Resources Read all

Acidithiobacillus novellus sulfur oxidation in soil, improving nutrient availability for crops, particularly aiding in sulfur deficiency in soils, thereby boosting yield and plant health. < Microbial Species Acidithiobacillus novellus Acidithiobacillus novellus sulfur oxidation in soil, improving nutrient availability for crops, particularly aiding in sulfur deficiency in soils, thereby boosting yield and plant health. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Improved Crop Yield Enhances overall plant health, leading to increased crop yields. Root Development Accelerates root growth and development, improving plant stability and nutrient absorption. Stress Tolerance Increases plant resilience to environmental stressors, ensuring consistent growth and productivity. Enhanced Nutrient Absorption Facilitates iron and sulfur oxidation for better plant nutrient uptake. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Seed Coating/Seed Treatment : Coat 1 kg of seeds with a slurry mixture of 10 g of Acidithiobacillus Novellus and 10 g of crude sugar in sufficient water. Seedling Treatment : Dip the seedlings into a mixture of 100 grams Acidithiobacillus Novellus and sufficient water. Soil Treatment : Mix 3-5 kg per acre of Acidithiobacillus Novellus with organic manure/organic fertilizers. Irrigation : Mix 3 kg per acre of Acidithiobacillus Novellus in a sufficient amount of water and run into the drip lines. FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans Thiobacillus novellus Thiobacillus thiooxidans More Products Resources Read all

Cellulomonas carate is a highly active compost-degrading bacterium that excels in breaking down cellulose and other organic materials, making it invaluable for sustainable agriculture and bio-composting systems. < Microbial Species Cellulomonas carate Cellulomonas carate is a highly active compost-degrading bacterium that excels in breaking down cellulose and other organic materials, making it invaluable for sustainable agriculture and… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Activates growth of beneficial microbes It promotes the growth of beneficial microorganisms that aid in compost decomposition. Friendly to beneficial insects Cellulomonas carate does not harm beneficial insects involved in composting processes. Doubles composting speed This bacterium accelerates the composting process, speeding up the breakdown of organic materials. Eliminates foul odors Cellulomonas carate helps to reduce unpleasant odors during the composting process. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Cellulomonas is widely cited in studies of cellulose degradation, composting processes, and bioremediation, with research published in journals such as Frontiers in Microbiology , ScienceDirect Topics , and Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria . sciencedirect+5 Genome sequencing reveals a high GC content (typically 71–76 mol%), multiple cellulase genes, and robust metabolic pathways for cellulose breakdown. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Mode of Action Cellulomonas carate secretes potent extracellular cellulase enzymes that target and hydrolyze cellulose—the most abundant organic polymer found in plant biomass. The multi-step degradation involves: sciencedirect+2 Endoglucanase: Breaks internal bonds of cellulose chains. Exoglucanase: Releases cellobiose from the non-reducing ends. β-glucosidase: Converts cellobiose and cellooligosaccharides to glucose. frontiersin This synergy allows Cellulomonas to transform tough plant fibers into easily assimilated sugars, accelerating composting and nutrient cycling. frontiersin Additional Info Characteristics Morphology: Gram-positive, rod-shaped, or short coccus, non-sporulating, sometimes motile. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Catalase positive, aerobic or facultatively anaerobic, with yellow pigmentation and fermentative metabolism. taylorandfrancis+1 Peptidoglycan contains L-ornithine; the predominant menaquinone is MK-9(H4). pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Adaptable across neutral to alkaline environments, thriving in compost, soil, and organic-rich niches. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Genome size ranges 4–4.25 Mbp, with high GC content. journals.asm+3 Recommended Crops Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ What is the function of Cellulomonas? Cellulomonas specializes in degrading cellulose, transforming complex plant residues into simple sugars for microbial and plant use. Its enzymatic activity supports efficient composting, soil enrichment, and recycling of agricultural waste. indogulfbioag+1 What is a cellulosome? A cellulosome is a sophisticated multi-enzyme complex found on the surface of certain anaerobic bacteria, organizing various catalytic units for efficient cellulose breakdown. Cellulomonas, an aerobic actinobacterium, produces high levels of extracellular cellulases but does not form a classic cellulosome; instead, it relies on secreted enzymes for degradation. frontiersin What is the morphology of Cellulomonas? Cellulomonas are primarily gram-positive rods, sometimes coccus-shaped, non-sporulating, and may be motile or non-motile. They form single cells or pair arrangements, often with distinctive yellow pigmentation. biorxiv+4 What are the main characteristics of Cellulomonas? Gram-positive, catalase-positive, rod-shaped or coccus. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Strong cellulolytic activity due to diverse extracellular enzymes. frontiersin Aerobic but some species can grow anaerobically. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Found in soil, compost, rumen, and industrial waste. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Genome features: high GC content, robust metabolic versatility. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Cellulomonas carate and related species are indispensable for efficient composting, sustainable agriculture, and the natural carbon cycle. indogulfbioag+2 Related Products Aspergillus niger Aspergillus oryzae Cellulomonas gelida Cellulomonas uda More Products Resources Read all

Streptococcus thermophilus aids in lactose digestion, promotes gut health, and is commonly used in yogurt production for its probiotic properties. < Microbial Species Streptococcus thermophilus Streptococcus thermophilus aids in lactose digestion, promotes gut health, and is commonly used in yogurt production for its probiotic properties. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Dairy Fermentation Agent This probiotic plays a crucial role in yogurt production, contributing to its texture, flavor, and health benefits. Digestive Health Support It helps maintain a balanced gut microbiota, alleviating symptoms of gastrointestinal discomfort and promoting overall digestive health. Immune System Enhancement It boosts immune function by stimulating the production of antibodies and enhancing the body’s defenses against infections. Lactose Digestion Aid This strain aids in the digestion of lactose, making it beneficial for individuals with lactose intolerance and improving dairy digestion. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Key Features All microbial strains are characterized using 16S rDNA. All products are non-GMO. No animal-derived materials are used. The typical shelf life is 2 years. All strains are screened in-house using high-throughput screening methods. We can customize manufacturing based on the required strength and dosage. High-resilience strains Stable under a wide pH range Stable under a broad temperature range Stable in the presence of bile salts and acids Do not show antibiotic resistance Packaging Material The product is packaged in a multi-layer, ultra-high barrier foil that is heat-sealed and placed inside a cardboard shipper or plastic drum. Shipping Shipping is available worldwide. Probiotic packages are typically transported in insulated Styrofoam shippers with dry ice to avoid exposure to extreme high temperatures during transit. Support Documentation Certificate of Analysis (COA) Specifications Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) Stability studies (18 months) Certifications ISO 9001 ISO 22000 HACCP Halal and Kosher Certification (for Lactobacillus strains) FSSAI Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Bifidobacterium animalis Bifidobacterium bifidum Bifidobacterium breve Bifidobacterium infantis Bifidobacterium longum Clostridium butyricum Lactobacillus acidophilus Lactobacillus bulgaricus More Products Resources Read all

Rhodospirillum fulvum is a phototrophic, nitrogen-fixing bacterium known for its ability to perform anoxygenic photosynthesis using bacteriochlorophylls. It contributes to carbon and nitrogen cycling in soil and aquatic ecosystems, supporting soil fertility and ecosystem balance. With its metabolic flexibility and adaptability to diverse conditions, R. fulvum holds potential for applications in bioremediation, bioenergy, and sustainable agriculture. < Microbial Species Rhodospirillum fulvum Rhodospirillum fulvum is a phototrophic, nitrogen-fixing bacterium known for its ability to perform anoxygenic photosynthesis using bacteriochlorophylls. It contributes to carbon and nitrogen cycling in… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Organic Pollutant Degradation Effective in degrading a variety of organic pollutants, aiding in environmental remediation. Photosynthetic Efficiency Utilizes light energy for growth, contributing to sustainable biomass production. Soil Fertility Improvement Enhances nutrient availability in soil, promoting plant health and agricultural productivity. Hydrogen Production Potential Capable of producing hydrogen gas, making it a candidate for renewable energy applications. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Content coming soon! Additional Info Contact us for more details Dosage & Application Contact us for more details FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bacillus polymyxa Thiobacillus novellus Thiobacillus thiooxidans Alcaligenes denitrificans Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus macerans Citrobacter braakii More Products Resources Read all

Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium widely studied for its roles in agriculture, biotechnology, and molecular biology. It functions as a biocontrol agent by producing antimicrobial compounds, enhances plant growth via phytohormone production and nutrient solubilization, and participates in bioremediation by degrading organic pollutants. Its utility in industrial processes stems from its production of enzymes, antibiotics, and biopolymers. As a model organism, B. subtilis provides insights into sporulation, biofilm formation, and gene regulation, underscoring its scientific and practical significance. < Microbial Species Bacillus subtilis Bacillus subtilis is a Gram-positive, endospore-forming bacterium widely studied for its roles in agriculture, biotechnology, and molecular biology. It functions as a biocontrol agent by… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram / 1 x 10¹⁰ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Bioremediation: Breaks down organic contaminants in soil, contributing to environmental cleanup and restoring soil health. Nutrient Availability: Enhances the solubility of nutrients in the soil, facilitating better uptake by plants for improved growth and yield. Soil Structure Improvement: Enhances soil structure and aeration through the production of biofilms, promoting beneficial microbial activity and root development. Disease Resistance: Induces systemic resistance in plants against various soil-borne pathogens, reducing the need for chemical pesticides. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Content coming soon! Mode of Action Biological Disease Control: Produces a wide array of antimicrobial lipopeptides (e.g., iturins, fengycins, surfactins) that inhibit soil-borne pathogens like Fusarium , Rhizoctonia , and Botrytis . Induces systemic resistance (ISR) in plants, activating innate defense pathways. Plant Growth Promotion: Secretes phytohormones such as auxins (IAA), gibberellins, and cytokinins that stimulate root and shoot development. Enhances seed germination, chlorophyll synthesis, and nutrient uptake efficiency. Phosphate Solubilization: Produces organic acids that release insoluble phosphates, improving phosphorus availability to plants. Stress Tolerance: Improves plant resilience to drought, salinity, and oxidative stress via enhanced antioxidant enzyme activity and root system development. Enzymatic Activity: Secretes chitinases, cellulases, and proteases that degrade pathogen cell walls and contribute to nutrient cycling. Additional Info Target pests: Fungal Diseases: Botrytis , Powdery Mildew , Anthracnose Bacterial Diseases: Pseudomonas spp ., Erwinia spp ., Xanthomonas spp . Soil Diseases: Rhizoctonia , Pythium , Fusarium , Phytophthora Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Bacillus subtilis is compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Wettable Powder: 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram Other Uses: It can be used as seed care: Mix 10g Bacillus subtilis with 10g crude sugar in sufficient water to make a slurry and coat 1kg seeds. Dry in shade and sow / broadcast / dibble in the field. Do not store treated / coated seeds for more than 24 hours. Foliar Application: 1 Acre dose: 3-5 kg, 1 Ha dose: 7.5 - 12.5 kg Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation): 1 Acre dose: 3-5 kg, 1 Ha dose: 7.5 - 12.5 kg Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation) for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 3-5 kg, 1 Ha dose: 7.5 - 12.5 kg. Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. Seed Dressing: 1 Kg seed: 10g Bacillus subtilis + 10g crude sugar. Foliar application for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 3-5 kg, 1 Ha dose: 7.5 - 12.5 kg. Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Soluble Powder: 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Foliar Application: 1 Acre dose: 1 kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 kg Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation): 1 Acre dose: 1 kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 kg Seed Dressing: 1 Kg seed: 1g Bacillus subtilis + 10g crude sugar. Soil Application (Soil drench or Drip irrigation) for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 1 kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 kg. Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. Foliar Application for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials: 1 Acre dose: 1 kg, 1 Ha dose: 2.5 kg. Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Seed Dressing Method Mix Bacillus subtilis with crude sugar in sufficient water to make a slurry. Coat seeds and dry in shade. Sow / broadcast / dibble in the field. Do not store treated / coated seeds for more than 24 hours. Soil Application Method Mix Bacillus subtilis at recommended doses in sufficient water. Drench soil at early leaf stage / 2-4 leaf stage / early crop life cycle. Drip Irrigation: If there are insoluble particles, filter the solution and add to drip tank. For long duration crops / Perennial / Orchard crops: Dissolve Bacillus subtilis at recommended doses in sufficient water. Apply as a drenching spray near the root zone twice a year. First application before the onset of the main monsoon / rainfall / spring season, and second application after the main monsoon / rainfall / autumn / fall season. Foliar Application Method Foliar application to be done at early disease incidence. 1-2 follow-up sprays at weekly intervals. Mix Bacillus subtilis at recommended doses in sufficient water. Spray on foliage / fruit / plant. Apply twice a year for long duration crops. First application before the onset of the main monsoon / rainfall / spring season, and second application after the main monsoon / rainfall / autumn / fall season. Note: Do not store Bacillus subtilis solution for more than 24 hours after mixing in water. FAQ Can B. subtilis replace chemical fungicides? Yes, it provides biological control through antimicrobial production and immune stimulation, making it ideal for organic systems. Is it effective in all soil types? It performs well in most soils, especially when applied with organic amendments to support microbial activity. Does it remain viable in storage? Its spore-forming nature allows a shelf life of 1–2 years under proper storage conditions. How does it enhance drought resistance? By boosting root development and antioxidant enzyme levels, it increases plant resilience under water stress. Can it be combined with other inputs? Yes, it is compatible with most biofertilizers and organic nutrients. Avoid co-application with broad-spectrum chemical fungicides. Related Products Saccharomyces cerevisiae Bacillus polymyxa Thiobacillus novellus Thiobacillus thiooxidans Alcaligenes denitrificans Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus macerans Citrobacter braakii More Products Resources Read all