Enhance soil health with Fulvic Acid from Indogulf BioAg. 100% organic, high-quality soil conditioner for improved nutrient absorption and plant growth. < Soil Conditioners Fulvic Acid Rich in carboxyl and phenolic hydroxyl groups, it improves soil fertility by enhancing nutrient uptake and converting ineffective phosphorus into usable forms. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Enhanced Nutrient Uptake Promotes efficient absorption of essential minerals and micronutrients by plants. Plant Defense Enhancement Initiates enzymatic activity and boosts natural plant defenses against environmental stresses. Increased Yield and Quality Improves both the quantity and quality of produce through enhanced nutrient utilization. Improved Soil Structure Enhances soil structure, increasing water retention and aeration for healthier root development. Components Amount Fulvic Acid 10% pH Value 6-7 Density 1.05-1.15 kg/L Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application Soil: Apply 5-10 L/ha once a month during the vegetation period. Foliar: Use 5 ml/L water every 15 days throughout the vegetation period. Seeds: Apply 0.5% or 500 ml per 100 kg of seed dressing based on thousand grain weight (T.G.W.). Hydroponics: Apply 1 to 2 ml per 100 L of nutrient solution during the cultivation cycle. These are standard recommendations that may vary based on soil properties, cultivated crop, and local conditions. Additional Info Shelf Life & Packaging: Storage: Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature Shelf Life: 24 months from the date of manufacture at room temperature Related Products Aminos Humistar Seaweed More Products Resources Read all

Revive Bio soil fertilizer by Indogulf BioAg: Organic, eco-friendly, and certified for robust plant health. Trusted globally for enhanced crop yields. < Soil Fertilizers Revive Bio Bio-fertilizer with nitrogen-fixing bacteria. Available in powder form, reduces the need for fertilizers and provides balanced nutrition for superior crop production. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Secretes Plant Growth Hormones and Regulators Stimulates plant growth and development through the secretion of hormones, promoting vigorous and resilient plants. Decreases or Removes the Need for Chemical Fertilizer Reduces reliance on chemical fertilizers by providing essential nutrients in organic form, supporting sustainable farming practices. Provides Soil Aeration and Increases Water Holding Capacity Improves soil structure, enhancing aeration and water retention, crucial for optimal plant growth. Prevents Plant Growth with Biopesticidal Effect Naturally inhibits plant pests, promoting healthier plant growth without relying on chemical pesticides. Dosage & Application Kit Contents Composition Key Benefits FAQ Additional Info Dosage & Application Powder Dosage Soil Application: Mix ½ kg of Revive powder with 10 kg of sand or vermiculite, and spread uniformly over 1 acre of land. Water after planting. Seed Inoculation: Use 250 grams of Revive powder for 10 to 15 kg of seeds. Make a slurry by adding adequate water and the required quantity of Revive powder to the seeds. Leave the slurry overnight, then dry the seeds in the shade before sowing. Seedling Inoculation: Mix 2 kg of Revive powder with adequate water. Dip the roots of seedlings required for one acre in the mixture for 8 to 12 hours, then transplant the seedlings. Foliar Application: Mix 20 grams of Revive powder with 2 liters of water and spray on the crops, targeting leaves and roots. Spray volume depends on crop canopy. Liquid Dosage Soil Application: Mix 2.5 liters of Revive (bio) in 300 liters of water and spray over 12 acres. Repeat after 15 days. Seed Inoculation: Use 250 ml of Revive (bio) for 10 to 15 kg of seeds. Make a slurry by adding adequate water and the required quantity of Revive (bio). Apply the slurry uniformly to the seeds, then dry them in the shade before sowing. Seedling Inoculation: Mix 2 liters of Revive (bio) with water. Dip the roots of seedlings required for one acre in the mixture, then transplant the seedlings. Foliar Application: Mix 20 ml of Revive (bio) with 2 liters of water for foliar spray. Spray volume depends on crop canopy. Additional Info Mode of Action Provides atmospheric nitrogen fixation to meet the nitrogen needs of plants. Transforms phosphorus and potassium salts in the soil into forms that plants can absorb. Secretes plant growth hormones and regulators. Breaks down harmful compounds in the plant cultivation medium. Suppresses microorganisms that may inhibit plant growth with biopesticidal effects. Enhances the natural, chemical, and biological structure of the soil by increasing its organic content. Improves soil aeration and increases its water-holding capacity. Reduces or eliminates the need for chemical fertilizers. Recommended Crops Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation Crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal Crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals Shelf Life & Packaging: Storage: Store in a cool, dry place at room temperature Shelf Life: 24 months from the date of manufacture at room temperature Packaging: 1 kg / 20 litre FAQ Content coming soon! Kit Contents Content coming soon! Composition Content coming soon! Key Benefits Content coming soon! Related Products Bio-Manna Bio-Manure Fermogreen Neem Powder More Products Resources Read all

Leading manufacturer and exporter of Nano Phosphorous Fertilizer, enhancing crop yield with advanced nano technology. Boost your farming with us! < Nano Fertilizers Nano Phosphorous Nano phosphorus encapsulated within a chitosan-based biopolymer delivers highly bioavailable phosphorus, a critical nutrient for photosynthesis and respiration in plants. This innovative formulation effectively overcomes phosphorus availability limitations, enhancing nutrient uptake and promoting optimal plant growth and metabolic function. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Immediate Bioavailability Nano Phosphorus is quickly absorbed by plants due to its small particle size. Stable and Versatile Highly photostable, does not oxidize in sunlight, and works effectively in various environmental conditions. Supports Vital Processes Aids in photosynthesis and respiration, essential for plant growth and development. Reduced Fertilizer Requirement Reduces conventional phosphatic fertilizer needs by almost 50%. Ingredient % (w/w) Function Mono-sodium phosphate 28% Primary P source 1 Citric acid 25% Chelator & pH buffer 1 Formic acid 2.5% Antimicrobial stabilizer 1 Lysine 3% Natural amino-acid chelate 1 Chitosan biopolymer Trace Controlled-release matrix 1 Composition Dosage & Application Why choose this product Key Benefits Sustainability Advantage Additional Info FAQ Additional Info Strength: 66,000 ppm of plant-available phosphorus, delivering concentrated and efficient nutrition for optimal crop growth. Compatibility: Fully compatible with most chemical fertilizers and pesticides, with the exception of Calcium Ammonium Nitrate, which should be avoided to maintain product stability and effectiveness. Shelf Life: Maintains peak quality for up to 24 months when stored at room temperature in a sealed container, ensuring long-term reliability and performance. Packaging: Supplied in convenient 5 L bottles, packed as 2 bottles per sturdy corrugated cardboard box for secure transportation and storage. Symptoms of Phosphorus Deficiency in Plants Growth Impact: Plants exhibit stunted growth with reduced overall yield potential. Leaf Discoloration: Older leaves develop a purplish hue as one of the earliest deficiency signs. Leaf Tip Damage: Browning and dieback occur at leaf tips, accompanied by weakened tissue. Delayed Maturity: Phosphorus deficiency slows plant development, prolonging time to maturity. Chlorosis and Necrosis: Yellowing (chlorosis) and dead patches (necrosis) often appear along leaf margins, further compromising plant health. Why choose this product? Replaces 100 kg single superphosphate with 5 L of product, slashing freight and handling costs 1 . 8–16 mL/L spray delivers bioavailable phosphorus in seconds thanks to 100 nm particles 1 . Built-in citric/lysine complex buffers pH around 5.5, protecting root tips and improving nutrient uptake 1 . Key Benefits at a Glance Benefit How It Helps Your Crop Science Back-Up 100% water-soluble nano P Rapid foliar & root absorption Nano-scale particles cross cell membranes quickly 1 Cuts phosphorus fertilizer use 50% Lower input cost, fewer field passes Field studies show nano P halves SSP demand 1 Photosynthesis & energy transfer boost Bigger leaves, better grain fill P is central to ATP & DNA synthesis 2 3 Stress resilience Keeps crops green in heat, cold or drought Adequate P preserves stomatal function 3 Sustainability Advantage Using Nano Phosphorous lowers rock-phosphate demand and transport emissions by up to 90% compared with granular SSP 1 . Dosage & Application Soil prep (pre-sowing): 8–16 mL/L via drench or sprinkler. 2 weeks after emergence: 8–16 mL/L foliar. Pre-flowering: 8–16 mL/L foliar. Pre-harvest finish: 8–16 mL/L foliar. For disease pressure (e.g., downy mildew, late blight): 20–30 mL/L rescue spray 1 . FAQ What is a good source of phosphorus for my plants? High-efficiency options include Nano Phosphorous, triple superphosphate, bone meal and rock-phosphate blends. Nano formulations out-perform bulk SSP because 100 nm particles are absorbed faster and with less soil tie-up 1 4 . When should phosphorus fertilizer be applied? Apply early—pre-plant or at seeding—so young roots access P during cell-division; follow with in-season foliar top-ups at vegetative, pre-flower and grain-fill stages 5 6 . What is another name for phosphorus fertilizer? Common synonyms are “superphosphate,” “triple super,” “concentrated superphosphate (TSP)” and “phosphate rock” 4 7 . What is the role of phosphorus in plants? Phosphorus drives energy transfer (ATP), DNA/RNA synthesis, root development, flowering and seed formation. Adequate P shortens crop maturity and boosts stress tolerance 2 3 . Related Products Hydromax Anpeekay NPK Nano Boron Nano Calcium Nano Chitosan Nano Copper Nano Iron Nano Potassium More Products Resources Read all

< Animal Health Eqsolbi EQSOLBI is a multi-strain probiotic blend designed for horses, promoting the restoration and balance of beneficial gut bacteria. It conditions the gut environment, creating a more favorable habitat for friendly bacteria. This specialized formula supports healthy gut flora, enhances immunity to help horses resist infections, alleviates stress, and improves overall nutrient absorption and feed efficiency. Product Enquiry Benefits Restores Gut Flora Post-Antibiotics Re-establishes beneficial intestinal bacteria disrupted by antibiotic treatments, supporting digestive health. Enhances Growth and Feed Efficiency Improves feed conversion and supports healthy weight gain through better nutrient absorption. Boosts Immunity and Fights Pathogens Strengthens basic immune function and helps protect against pathogenic bacterial infections. Relieves Stress and Supports Recovery Helps horses manage stress conditions effectively, promoting quicker recovery and stable performance. Component Amount per 100g Lactobacillus Acidophilus 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Casei 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Reutri 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Fermentum 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Lactis 5 Billion CFU Lactobacillus Salvaricus 5 Billion CFU Bifidobacterium Bifidus 5 Billion CFU Streptococcus Faecium 5 Billion CFU Oligosaccharides 5 Billion CFU Aspergillus Oryzae 5 Billion CFU Torulopsis with Vitamin C 5 Billion CFU Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application Content coming soon! Additional Info Content coming soon! Related Products Bio Stallion Equalga More Products Resources Read all

Leading manufacturer & exporter of Cellulomax, enhancing environmental solutions with innovative, eco-friendly products. < Environmental Solutions Cellulomax Targets cellulose-rich biomass (e.g., cow dung), enhancing soil organic matter and nutrient availability. Converts hard-to-decompose materials into beneficial organic matter. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Efficient Decomposition of Cellulose-Rich Biomass Cellulomax efficiently decomposes cellulose-rich biomass like cow dung, enhancing soil organic matter content and providing essential nutrients to plants. Environmentally Safe and Biodegradable It poses no harm to the environment and breaks down naturally, supporting sustainable agricultural practices. Approved for Organic Agriculture Cellulomax is approved for use in organic agriculture, meeting stringent standards for organic farming practices. Non-Toxic and Safe for Beneficial Organisms It is safe for parasites, pollinators, and predators, ensuring that the ecosystem remains balanced and healthy. Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info FAQ Composition Components Aspergillus awamori Trichoderma viride Trichoderma reesei Cellulomonas uda Cellulomonas gelida Dosage & Application Add 1L COMPOST PRO to 100 Kg Organic Waste and mix well. Evenly apply the above mix to one Tonne of Organic Waste to convert all types of organic waste into compost/manure rapidly, Apply water to maintain moisture level on regular basis Additional Info Our application rates are for guidelines only. How to use: Shake the bottle well before use. This product should be mixed with clean water in a plastic container as per the dosage instructions and thoroughly mixed before pouring into organic waste. Instructions to open: Open the bottle outdoors with care. Do not shake the bottle before opening. The bottle has a double seal system - an external black cap and a white inner plug with a nozzle in the center. After opening the black outer cap, pierce the inner plug in the middle using any pointed tool. The nozzle should create a small hole through which the liquid fertilizer can pour out. Compatibility: Cellulomax is compatible with Biofertilizers and Biopesticides. Cellulomax is not compatible with chemical pesticides, chemical fungicides, weedicides, herbicides and chemical fertilizers. Handling precautions : Follow normal hygienic and housekeeping standards for agricultural products. Usage and storage: Protect from direct sunlight and store in a dark, cool place between 5 to 25°C (40-77°F). Do not refrigerate or freeze. Keep the container tightly sealed after use. Keep away from children and pets. Do not inhale or ingest. FAQ Content coming soon! Related Products Compost Pro Enriched Earth Enzymax More Products Resources Read all

Acetobacter xylinum is a beneficial bacterium known for producing bacterial cellulose, a biopolymer with valuable applications in agriculture. Its presence in soil enhances plant growth and resilience by improving soil structure, increasing moisture retention, and enhancing nutrient availability. These benefits are especially valuable in arid and challenging environments. < Microbial Species Acetobacter xylinum Acetobacter xylinum is a beneficial bacterium known for producing bacterial cellulose, a biopolymer with valuable applications in agriculture. Its presence in soil enhances plant growth… Show More Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Stimulates plant growth in dry soil conditions Enhances root development and improves water & nutrient uptake, particularly beneficial in arid regions. Promotes cell division and growth of host plants Influences cytokinin production and supports overall plant growth, resulting in stronger, healthier plants. Regulates host plant defense system against pests and diseases Enhances the plant's natural defense responses, reducing reliance on chemical pesticides. Accelerates fruit ripening by enhancing Abscisic Acid levels Stimulates the production of Abscisic Acid (ABA) in fruits, leading to faster and more uniform ripening. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Tsouko, E., et al. (2015). Bacterial Cellulose Production from Industrial Waste and By-product Streams. Int. J. Mol. Sci. , 16, 14832-14849. Qureshi, O., et al. (2013). Effect of Phytohormones on Gluconacetobacter xylinus Growth and Cellulose Production. Acetic Acid Bacteria , 2(s1), e7. Li, Z., et al. (2015). Production of Nano Bacterial Cellulose from Industrial Wastewater Using Acetobacter xylinum . Carbohydrate Polymers , 120, 115-119. Çakar, F., et al. (2014). Improvement in Production of Bacterial Cellulose Using Semi-Continuous Process in Molasses Medium . Carbohydrate Polymers , 106, 7-13. Mode of Action Acetobacter xylinum secretes extracellular cellulose nanofibers in the rhizosphere, forming a protective hydrogel matrix that: Enhances soil porosity and aeration Improves moisture retention by up to 40% Facilitates nutrient diffusion to roots Additional Info Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Method Rate Instructions Seed Coating 10 mL per kg of seed Mix gently, air-dry before sowing Root Dip 50 mL per 10 L water Dip seedlings 15 minutes prior to transplant Soil Amendment 2 L/ha diluted in 100 L water Apply at planting and mid-season FAQ What plants need Acetobacter xylinum ? Highly effective for solanaceous crops, cereals, vegetables, and ornamentals. Can you use too much A. xylinum ? Over-application incurs no phytotoxicity but offers no additional benefit; follow recommended rates. What improvements does cellulose hydrogel provide? Enhanced moisture buffering, root protection, and sustained nutrient availability, leading to uniform germination and stronger establishment. Related Products Azospirillum brasilense Azospirillum lipoferum Azospirillum spp. Azotobacter vinelandii Beijerinckia indica Bradyrhizobium elkanii Bradyrhizobium japonicum Gluconacetobacter diazotrophicus More Products Resources Read all

< Crop Kits Bunch Booster Bunch Booster enhances banana growth and yield by improving nutrient mobilization, stress tolerance, and fruit quality. Using Brassinolide, CPPU, ANAA, and Nano Silica, it promotes cell expansion, bunch elongation, and structural resilience, resulting in larger, stronger bunches and high-quality fruits. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Improved Fruit Quality: The application of Brassinolide, CPPU, and ANAA enhances fruit quality attributes such as size, weight, and visual appeal by optimizing cellular growth processes and improving nutrient supply. These growth regulators influence biochemical pathways related to fruit maturation, resulting in more uniform and marketable produce. Elongation and Elasticity: Nano Silica enhances the structural integrity of banana plant cell walls, leading to improved bunch elongation and elasticity by increasing the mechanical strength and flexibility of plant tissues. Nutrient Mobilization: Brassinolide, CPPU, ANAA, and Betaine facilitate the efficient translocation of essential nutrients (e.g., carbohydrates, minerals) to developing fruits. This ensures that nutrient-demanding tissues, such as growing fruits, receive adequate nourishment, optimizing fruit development and enhancing yield quality. Stress Tolerance: Brassinolide, ANAA, and Betaine improve plant resilience to abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. These compounds function by modulating stress-responsive pathways, enhancing osmotic adjustment, and maintaining cellular homeostasis under stress conditions. Benefits Components Nano potasium nitrate Ionminprotocol Banana Growthmax Cocktail enzyme Silicomax Nano potasium nitrate Nano Fat Enormous BWG Cowdung extract Brassinoloide Citric acid Dextrose CPPU ANAA Gibberlic acid Water Betaine Potassium diformate Monopotassium phosphate Thiamine Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application 10 ml in 240 ml: sprayed on each bunch once in 10 days from Bunch formation to harvest (4-5 applications) Additional Info Contact us for more details Related Products Aminomax SP Annomax BioProtek Biocupe Neem Plus Seed Protek Silicomax Dates Pro More Products Resources Read all

< Crop Kits Seed Protek SeedProtek is a seed treatment with Mycorrhiza, PGPR, and nutrient-mobilizing microbes for germination and stress tolerance. Product Enquiry Download Brochure Improved Nutrient Uptake Mobilizes key nutrients including nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and micronutrients through specialized microbial strains. Stronger Germination and Disease Defense Promotes uniform seed germination and suppresses soil-borne diseases, ensuring healthier early-stage development. Enhanced Root Proliferation Stimulates vigorous root growth through PGPR and mycorrhizae, improving nutrient access and plant anchorage. Increased Stress Tolerance Boosts drought resistance and helps plants withstand both biotic and abiotic stress via mycorrhizal symbiosis and beneficial metabolites. Benefits Content coming soon! Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application Seed dressing for crops: Wheat, Barley, Rice, Soybean, Peanuts, and similar crops with seed rate of 100–120 Kg / Ha. Apply 2 mL/kg seed Additional Info Mode of Action Microbes in SeedProtek multiply as the roots grow in a three-dimensional way around the root system. Biofertilizers: Nitrogen-fixing bacteria help fix atmospheric nitrogen into the soil Phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria assist in better solubilization of fixed phosphorus Potassium-mobilizing bacteria : Potash is an expensive element and usually gets leached out. The bacteria mobilize potassium and make it available to the plant Mycorrhiza colonizes the root system and extends hyphae beyond the root system, reaching into zones not normally accessed by the root. This ensures plants get more phosphorus and other micronutrients from ‘far away’ zones. Mycorrhiza offers unique biostimulant properties that enhance tolerance to biotic and abiotic stress PGPR (Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria): Silica-solubilizing bacteria impart drought tolerance and promote robust growth Bacillus spp promotes a healthy root system and has a fungistatic action Trichoderma spp enhances root growth and has a fungistatic action Organic acids and enzymes secreted by the microbes help mobilize various fixed elements in the soil Storage Requirements Store below 40°C in a cool, dry, well-ventilated place. Keep away from sunlight, children, and animals. Do not store in metallic containers. Keep tightly closed when not in use. Handling Precautions Use standard hygiene and safety practices for agricultural products. Related Products Aminomax SP Annomax BioProtek Biocupe Neem Plus Silicomax Dates Pro BloomX More Products Resources Read all

Paenibacillus azotofixans: Utilized in agricultural practices to promote plant growth by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, thus improving soil fertility, especially in various crop fields. < Microbial Species Paenibacillus azotofixans Paenibacillus azotofixans: Utilized in agricultural practices to promote plant growth by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, thus improving soil fertility, especially in various crop fields. Strength 1 x 10⁸ CFU per gram / 1 x 10⁹ CFU per gram Product Enquiry Download Brochure Benefits Nitrogen Fixation Paenibacillus azotofixans fixes atmospheric nitrogen into ammonia, which enhances nitrogen availability for plants, supporting their growth and development. Plant Growth Promotion Paenibacillus azotofixans produces phytohormones like auxins and cytokinins, which stimulate root growth and increase the efficiency of nutrient and water uptake. Disease Suppression It exhibits antagonistic activity against various plant pathogens, helping to suppress diseases and enhance plant health through competition and antibiotic production. Phosphate Solubilization It solubilizes phosphate in the soil, making it more accessible to plants, which improves their phosphorus uptake and overall nutrient status. Dosage & Application Additional Info Scientific References Mode of Action FAQ Scientific References Molecular Biology and Genetics Genome-Scale Studies: Comprehensive transcriptome analysis of nitrogen fixation in Paenibacillus species has identified over 9,000 differentially expressed genes involved in nitrogen metabolism, energy production, and stress response. These studies provide detailed insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying nitrogen fixation efficiency. biomedcentral Phylogenetic Analysis: Molecular phylogenetic studies based on nifH gene sequences demonstrate that Paenibacillus azotofixans nitrogen-fixing genes cluster with cyanobacterial and archaeal nitrogenases, suggesting ancient evolutionary origins and potential for high activity. journals.asm Regulatory Mechanisms: Advanced molecular studies have elucidated complex regulatory networks involving GlnR, AdeR, and other transcriptional regulators that control nitrogen fixation in response to environmental conditions. microbialcellfactories.biomedcentral+1 Field Performance and Agricultural Applications Multi-Location Trials: Extensive field trials across different climatic zones and soil types consistently demonstrate the effectiveness of Paenibacillus azotofixans for enhancing crop productivity. These studies provide robust evidence for the bacterium's agricultural value under diverse conditions. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Long-Term Sustainability: Research demonstrates that repeated application of Paenibacillus azotofixans maintains soil health and fertility without negative environmental impacts. Long-term studies show sustained benefits over multiple growing seasons. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih Economic Analysis: Cost-benefit analyses demonstrate positive returns on investment from Paenibacillus azotofixans applications, with reduced fertilizer costs offsetting inoculation expenses while providing additional yield benefits. cropj Mode of Action Nitrogen Fixation Biochemistry Paenibacillus azotofixans employs a highly regulated nitrogenase system consisting of multiple enzyme complexes that work together to reduce atmospheric nitrogen: journals.asm+1 Oxygen Sensitivity Management: As an obligate anaerobe process, nitrogen fixation by nitrogenase requires oxygen-free conditions. Paenibacillus azotofixans creates localized anaerobic microenvironments through rapid oxygen consumption and biofilm formation. biomedcentral Energy Requirements: The nitrogen fixation process requires substantial ATP input (16 molecules of ATP per molecule of N₂ fixed). Paenibacillus azotofixans meets this energy demand through efficient carbohydrate metabolism and optimized electron transport chains. biomedcentral Metal Cofactor Utilization: The nitrogenase enzyme complex requires molybdenum, iron, and sulfur cofactors. Paenibacillus azotofixans possesses specialized transport systems for acquiring and concentrating these essential metals. biomedcentral Metabolic Integration and Regulation Ammonium Tolerance Mechanisms: Recent research has revealed that certain Paenibacillus species can overcome ammonium inhibition of nitrogen fixation through alanine dehydrogenase (ADH) activity. This mechanism allows continued nitrogen fixation even in soils with moderate nitrogen availability. microbialcellfactories.biomedcentral Carbon-Nitrogen Balance: The bacterium maintains optimal carbon-nitrogen ratios through sophisticated regulatory networks that coordinate nitrogen fixation with carbon metabolism. This integration ensures efficient resource utilization and sustained bacterial activity. journals.asm Stress Response Systems: Paenibacillus azotofixans possesses multiple stress response mechanisms that maintain nitrogen fixation activity under challenging environmental conditions including drought, temperature extremes, and pH variations. microbialcellfactories.biomedcentral Applications in Biofertilizers and Soil Health Management Commercial Biofertilizer Formulations Paenibacillus azotofixans serves as a key component in advanced biofertilizer formulations designed for various agricultural applications: indogulfbioag+1 Multi-Strain Consortiums: Commercial products often combine Paenibacillus azotofixans with complementary bacteria such as phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria and biocontrol agents to provide comprehensive plant nutrition and protection. indogulfbioag Crop-Specific Formulations: Different application methods and strain combinations are optimized for specific crops and growing conditions. Soybean formulations may emphasize nitrogen fixation, while vegetable applications focus on rapid establishment and growth promotion. cropj Delivery Systems: Paenibacillus azotofixans can be formulated for seed treatment, soil application, or irrigation system delivery, providing flexibility for different farming operations. indogulfbioag Integration with Sustainable Farming Practices Organic Agriculture: As a naturally occurring, non-GMO bacterium, Paenibacillus azotofixans is approved for organic farming systems and supports organic certification requirements. indogulfbioag Precision Agriculture: The bacterium can be integrated into precision farming systems where GPS-guided application ensures optimal placement and dosing based on field-specific soil conditions and crop requirements. Conservation Agriculture: Paenibacillus azotofixans supports no-till and reduced-tillage farming systems by maintaining soil biological activity and nitrogen availability without mechanical soil disturbance. Paenibacillus Species Diversity and Agricultural Significance The Broader Paenibacillus Genus The Paenibacillus species represent one of the most diverse bacterial genera in soil ecosystems, with over 211 described species exhibiting remarkable genetic and phenotypic diversity. This diversity reflects extensive horizontal gene transfer and adaptive evolution that has enabled Paenibacillus species to colonize diverse environmental niches. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Genomic Diversity: Comparative genomic analyses reveal that Paenibacillus species possess highly variable genome sizes ranging from 3.9 to 10.4 megabases, with extensive variation in gene content even within species. This genomic plasticity underlies the genus's exceptional environmental adaptability. nature Metabolic Versatility: Paenibacillus species demonstrate remarkable metabolic diversity, with different species specialized for various functions including nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization, biocontrol, and organic matter decomposition. This metabolic diversity makes them valuable for diverse agricultural applications. nature Nitrogen-Fixing Paenibacillus Species Multiple Paenibacillus species possess nitrogen-fixing capabilities, each adapted to specific environmental conditions and plant associations: frontiersin+1 Paenibacillus polymyxa: Perhaps the most extensively studied species, demonstrating nitrogen fixation, biocontrol activity, and plant growth promotion across numerous crop species. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Paenibacillus borealis: Isolated from forest humus, this species contributes to nitrogen cycling in forest ecosystems and demonstrates potential for forestry applications. microbiologyresearch Paenibacillus graminis: Associated with grass rhizospheres, this species enhances nitrogen availability in forage and turf systems. frontiersin Additional Info Incomplete Section Finalization Paenibacillus azotofixans is recognized for its agricultural significance as a potent nitrogen fixer and plant growth promoter. Modern molecular biology and field-scale studies have validated its benefits for crop nutrition, environmental sustainability, and cost-effectiveness. The bacterium’s versatility and resilience are supported by its diverse regulatory, metabolic, and stress response mechanisms, which make it compatible across a wide range of soil conditions and crop systems. Laboratory Contaminant Significance Paenibacillus species are widely distributed in natural and built environments, including soil, water, and air. Their ability to form spores and survive harsh conditions means they are frequent laboratory contaminants. In clinical and research laboratories, Paenibacillus can be isolated from surfaces, air, gloves, and sample materials—often as part of sterility testing. Several species, including Paenibacillus contaminans, have been specifically described as contaminants during laboratory plate handling. This is particularly relevant in low-biomass environments, as modern sequencing or culture approaches can easily detect spores or cells introduced during sample processing or from ambient air. The high occurrence of Paenibacillus as a contaminant can result in false-positive results, especially in blood cultures, sterile fluids, or low-biomass samples. Proper sample collection, rigorous sterilization, and careful interpretation of culture results are imperative. Contaminants are often identified retrospectively by phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis and may comprise the majority of positive cultures unless clear clinical evidence of infection is present. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+3 Human Pathogenicity Paenibacillus species are generally regarded as environmental and plant-associated bacteria. However, accumulating evidence shows that a subset can act as opportunistic pathogens in humans—particularly in immunocompromised individuals, neonates, or following traumatic injuries. Human infections are rare but increasingly described in clinical case reports and systematic reviews. Several species implicated in human disease include P. alvei, P. thiaminolyticus, P. lautus, P. provencensis, and others. Infections range from wound infections, abscesses, ocular infections, sepsis, meningitis, and, rarely, endocarditis. Pathogenicity is driven by several factors: Spore formation and environmental resilience: Spores remain viable on skin surfaces and within hospital environments, making transmission and infection possible under specific conditions. d-nb+1 Virulence factors: Some Paenibacillus possess genes for thiol-activated cytolysins, proteases, biofilm formation, and antimicrobial compound production. journals.plos+3 Antibiotic resistance: Many isolates demonstrate resistance to multiple antibiotics, particularly penicillins, clindamycin, sulfonamides, and sometimes vancomycin, calling for careful susceptibility testing. pure.psu+4 Clinical Management Recommendations Management of Paenibacillus infections hinges on accurate diagnosis and effective antimicrobial therapy. As precaution, clinicians should: Differentiate true infection from contamination: Always correlate positive cultures with clinical signs (fever, leukocytosis, infection at the site), especially when Paenibacillus is isolated from blood, sterile fluids, or deep wounds. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Empiric and directed antibiotic therapy: Initial therapy is empiric, but due to variable resistance patterns, therapy should be adjusted based on susceptibility testing. Effective options typically include cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, amikacin, rifampicin, metronidazole, and levofloxacin, while resistance to penicillins, clindamycin, and vancomycin can occur. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole may be used for P. urinalis. droracle+6 Remove or drain infection sources: Surgical removal of infected tissues, foreign bodies, or abscess drainage may be necessary in localized infections. Monitor for complications: Especially in infants, Paenibacillus can cause severe complications like meningitis and hydrocephalus, requiring close monitoring and sometimes neurosurgical intervention. thelancet+2 Follow-up and continuity of care: Persistent infections require long-term medical follow-up and sometimes prolonged antibiotic administration. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+1 Current Knowledge of Human Infections Systematic reviews and case series demonstrate that although Paenibacillus species are uncommon human pathogens, the number of species associated with clinical infections is growing. Infection presentations differ notably between adults and infants: Adults: Infections are sporadic, caused by a wide array of species, often present as wound infections, abscesses, or localized sepsis. Central nervous system involvement is rare, and most cases resolve with treatment. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih+2 Infants: Neonatal infections are far more severe, especially with P. thiaminolyticus, and often present as sepsis or meningitis with a high risk of cerebral destruction and hydrocephalus. Mortality rates are notable, and survivors often need surgical intervention for neurological sequelae. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+3 The overall frequency of infection remains low relative to the ubiquity of the genus, indicating that most isolates are contaminants, but vigilance is still warranted for at-risk populations. Recommended Crops: Cereals, Millets, Pulses, Oilseeds, Fibre Crops, Sugar Crops, Forage Crops, Plantation crops, Vegetables, Fruits, Spices, Flowers, Medicinal crops, Aromatic Crops, Orchards, and Ornamentals. Compatibility: Compatible with Bio Pesticides, Bio Fertilizers, and Plant growth hormones but not with chemical fertilizers and chemical pesticides. Shelf Life: Stable within 1 year from the date of manufacturing. Packing: We offer tailor-made packaging as per customers' requirements. Dosage & Application Seed Coating/Seed Treatment: Coat 1 kg of seeds with a slurry mixture of 10 g of Paenibacillus Azotofixans and 10 g of crude sugar in sufficient water. Dry the coated seeds in shade before sowing or broadcasting in the field. Seedling Treatment: Dip seedlings into a mixture of 100 grams of Paenibacillus Azotofixans with sufficient water. Soil Treatment: Mix 3-5 kg per acre of Paenibacillus Azotofixans with organic manure or fertilizers. Incorporate into the soil during planting or sowing. Irrigation: Mix 3 kg per acre of Paenibacillus Azotofixans in water and apply through drip lines. FAQ What is the significance of Paenibacillus as a potential laboratory contaminant? Answer: Paenibacillus species are among the most frequently isolated laboratory contaminants, especially in low-biomass and sterile sample environments. Their spores persist in air, on surfaces, and even on personal protective equipment, leading to inadvertent contamination of cultures and clinical specimens. Laboratory contaminants can cause diagnostic confusion, particularly when isolated from blood cultures or sterile sites, given the genus’s environmental prevalence. Recognizing Paenibacillus as a contaminant is vital to prevent misdiagnosis, unnecessary antimicrobial therapy, and misleading research conclusions. Rigorous sample handling and critical assessment of laboratory results are essential in distinguishing contamination from true infection. sciencedirect+4 Can Paenibacillus species exhibit pathogenicity in humans? Answer: Although primarily environmental and plant-associated, certain Paenibacillus species can exhibit pathogenicity in humans, particularly in vulnerable populations such as neonates, immunocompromised individuals, or following trauma. Documented infections include sepsis, wound infection, abscesses, meningitis, endocarditis, ocular infections, and rare systemic disease. Species like P. alvei, P. thiaminolyticus, and P. lautus are increasingly identified as clinical pathogens. In neonates, P. thiaminolyticus is notably associated with severe CNS infections. Virulence factors, antibiotic resistance, and spore persistence contribute to pathogenic potential, although true infections remain rare compared to environmental contamination. wwwnc.cdc+9 What are the recommended clinical approaches for managing Paenibacillus infections? Answer: Management is guided by accurate diagnosis and susceptibility-directed antimicrobial therapy. Clinicians should distinguish true infection from laboratory contamination, correlate culture results with clinical findings, and employ targeted treatment. Empiric therapy can include cefotaxime, ceftriaxone, gentamicin, amikacin, levofloxacin, and rifampicin, but resistance to penicillin, clindamycin, vancomycin, and sulfonamides is not uncommon. Susceptibility testing is imperative prior to finalizing antibiotic choice. Additional interventions such as surgical drainage of infected tissues may be necessary. Neonatal and CNS infections require close multidisciplinary management. Long-term monitoring is advised due to the potential for persistent or recurrent infection and post-infectious complications. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih+7 What is currently known about human infections caused by Paenibacillus species? Answer: Human Paenibacillus infections, while uncommon, are increasingly recognized in pediatric and adult populations. Infections in adults are sporadic and generally mild, presenting as localized wound infection, abscesses, or sepsis, and most affected individuals recover without severe sequelae. Neonatal infections, especially those due to P. thiaminolyticus, are severe and often complicated by brain injury, hydrocephalus, and require surgical intervention, with notable associated mortality. The rise in documented cases reflects improved detection, growing awareness, and advances in microbiological diagnostics. Nonetheless, the majority of clinical isolates are contaminants rather than true pathogens, highlighting the importance of careful clinical interpretation and management. Ongoing research is elucidating new species, virulence mechanisms, and optimized treatment protocols. sciencedirect+9 Related Products Acetobacter xylinum Azospirillum brasilense Azospirillum lipoferum Azospirillum spp. Azotobacter vinelandii Beijerinckia indica Bradyrhizobium elkanii Bradyrhizobium japonicum More Products Resources Read all

< Animal Health Camel Care Pro Camel Care Pro is a probiotic blend containing specific microbes which aide in the health and immunity of Camels. It will improve fertility and prevent bacterial infections. Product Enquiry Benefits Supports Reproductive Health and Pregnancy Improves fertility, helps maintain pregnancy, and prevents early abortion or embryonic loss in camels. Strengthens Immunity and Disease Resistance Enhances immune response and reduces the risk of infections by protecting against pathogenic organisms. Promotes Healthy Weight Gain Encourages faster and steady weight gain, contributing to improved overall condition and productivity. Corrects Nutrient Deficiencies and Boosts Recovery Aids in overcoming vitamin deficiencies and supports recovery, increasing survival rates during disease outbreaks. Component: Vitamins Amount Vitamin A 250,000 I.U. Vitamin D3 25,000 I.U. Vitamin E 5,000 I.U. Component: Microbial Stains Amount Lactobacillus Acidophilus 2.20 billion CFU Lactobacillus Fermentum 2.20 billion CFU Lactobacillus Bifidum 2.20 billion CFU Component: Minerals Ferrous Sulphate Magnesium Oxide Zinc Oxide Potassium Iodate Manganous Oxide Cobalt Sulphate Composition Dosage & Application Additional Info Dosage & Application Content coming soon! Additional Info Content coming soon! Related Products Stress Pro Cattle Care Max Cattle Care Pro Feed Pro Grass Mask Lactomine Pro Lactomix Mineral Max Pastocare Calf Pro More Products Resources Read all